Bioactive Compounds & Dietary Patterns
Plant compounds, of which some have been linked with favorable human health outcomes.
What are phytochemicals?
These are the fat-soluble vitamins.
What are vitamins A, D, E, and K?
The reason why calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur are termed 'major minerals'.
What is the amounts required to maintain homeostasis are above 100 mg/day?
These are the energy and non-energy yielding macronutrients.
What is carbohydrate, protein, lipids, and water?
The phytochemical lycopene is associated with these colored produce items.
What is red?
These fat-soluble vitamins can be synthesized by the body.
What are vitamins D (UV light) and K (intestinal bacteria)?
Remember too much sunlight does not cause vitamin D toxicity and some of the vitamin K synthesized in the body is absorbed.
Sprinkling sugar on a strawberry and subsequent shrinkage due to water loss is an example of this.
What is osmosis?
The most abundant mineral in the human body.
What is calcium?
The Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) are estimated to meet the nutrient needs of what percentage of a healthy population group?
What is 97-98%?
For these reasons, frozen produce might have more phytochemicals than fresh produce.
What are opportunities for phytochemical losses during travel and storage?
This fat-soluble vitamins cannot be found in fruits and vegetables.
What is vitamin D?
The human tissue with the least water percentage.
What is adipose tissue?
The relationship between calcium and vitamin D during absorption.
What is vitamin D is necessary for the active transport of calcium during absorption?
Daily Values are based on a standard kilocalorie value, to meet the needs of most Americans.
What is 2,000 kcals/day?
A characterization of Americans fruit and vegetable consumption patterns.
What is fewer fruits and vegetables consumed in relation to dietary recommendations?
The primary function of this fat-soluble vitamin is to act as an antioxidant.
What is vitamin E?
These electrolytes are critical for nerve conduction and muscle contraction in the body.
What are sodium and potassium?
A controllable and uncontrollable risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
Controllable: Calcium, vitamin D, and mineral intake. Unhealthy behaviors (excessive alcohol, smoking, low exercise), etc.
Uncontrollable: Genetics/family history
This type of feeding is characterized by an inserted IV that delivers all the essential nutrients directly into the blood stream.
What is total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
Americans' diets include high intake of one electrolyte and low intake of another.
What are sodium and potassium, respectively?
Over-intake of these pro-vitamin A compounds can cause a condition characterized by their accumulation in adipose stores, causing the skin to appear yellow-orange.
What is carotenoids and hypercarotenemia?
This condition is associated with drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating, characterized by diluted sodium in the blood.
What is hyponatremia?
Bone remodeling requires two types of bone cells to perform a specific function.
What are osteoblasts that build bone and osteoclasts that break down bone?
The most common cause of ulcers in the human population.
What is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)?