U.S. Presidents
This President, born in a log cabin in Kentucky, led the Union during the Civil War and issued the Emancipation Proclamation. He delivered the Gettysburg Address and is remembered as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents.
Abraham Lincoln
This empire, founded by Genghis Khan, became the largest contiguous land empire in history, stretching across Asia and into Europe, with famous generals like Kublai Khan.
The Mongol Empire
This war was triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and involved major trench warfare across Europe, ending with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.
World War I
This ancient civilization, located in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is credited with creating the earliest form of writing, known as cuneiform.
Sumerians
This document, adopted in 1776, declared the American colonies’ independence from Britain and contains famous phrases about life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
The Declaration of Independence
He led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, introducing the "New Deal" programs and being the only President to serve four terms.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
This ancient empire in Egypt was ruled by pharaohs, built the Great Pyramids, and had a complex belief system centered on the afterlife and deities like Ra and Anubis.
The Egyptian Empire
This conflict in the United States, fought from 1861 to 1865, was largely over issues of states' rights and slavery, ending with the Union’s victory and the abolition of slavery.
The American Civil War
This South American civilization, known for its complex calendar and pyramids, flourished in present-day Mexico and included cities like Chichen Itza and Tikal.
The Maya Civilization
Signed in 1215 by King John of England, this document limited the powers of the monarchy and established principles that influenced modern democracy.
Magna Carta
Known for his role in drafting the Declaration of Independence, he served as the third U.S. President, expanded U.S. territory with the Louisiana Purchase, and is the namesake of the University of Virginia.
Thomas Jefferson
This West African empire, led by the famously wealthy Mansa Musa, controlled major trade routes and established the city of Timbuktu as a center of learning and commerce.
The Mali Empire
This famous naval battle between Britain and Napoleon’s France in 1805 saw Admiral Nelson secure a major victory, establishing British naval supremacy.
The Battle of Trafalgar
This Greek city-state developed the world’s first known democracy, thrived during its Golden Age under Pericles, and produced philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Athens
This treaty ended World War I, imposing strict reparations on Germany and reshaping Europe’s borders, which some historians argue contributed to World War II.
Treaty of Versailles
The first U.S. President to resign from office, he was deeply involved in the Watergate scandal, which led to significant changes in American politics.
Richard Nixon
This empire began on the Italian Peninsula, expanded to cover much of Europe, and its decline was marked by invasions from Germanic tribes and internal strife.
The Roman Empire
This series of religious wars began in 1095 with Pope Urban II’s call for Christians to reclaim the Holy Land, resulting in centuries of conflict between European Christians and Muslims in the Middle East.
The Crusades
This empire, located in modern-day Iran, was the largest empire in the world during the 5th century BCE, established the Royal Road, and was led by rulers like Cyrus the Great and Darius.
The Persian Empire
Written by Martin Luther in 1517, this list of arguments criticized church practices, such as indulgences, and sparked the Protestant Reformation.
The Ninety-Five Theses
This President, known for his "Square Deal" policies, was a former Rough Rider, advocated for the Panama Canal, and was the first American to win a Nobel Peace Prize.
Theodore Roosevelt
Known for its centralized administration and advanced roads, this South American empire was conquered by Francisco Pizarro in the 16th century and stretched across the Andes.
The Inca Empire
Fought between 1618 and 1648, this conflict devastated much of Europe, began as a religious struggle within the Holy Roman Empire, and ended with the Peace of Westphalia, shaping the political boundaries of Europe.
The Thirty Years' War
This civilization built one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Hanging Gardens, and was led by famous rulers like Nebuchadnezzar II in the city of Babylon.
The Neo-Babylonian Empire
Issued by the English Parliament in 1689, this document limited the powers of the monarchy, strengthened Parliament’s role, and established rights that influenced American government.
The English Bill of Rights