Matter and change Review
What is the definition of matter?
Anything that has mass and volume
What are the building blocks of all matter?
atoms
How are the isotopes of Nitrogen-14 and Nitrogen-15 different in terms of atomic structure?
N-14 has 7 neutrons, N-15 has 8 neutrons
What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
the # of protons
Which color in the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
violet
Which of the following is/are NOT example(s) of matter: Air, light, electrons?
Light
Name JJ Thomson's model of the atom and the subatomic particle he discovered.
plum pudding model, the electron
What is the mass number of a sulfur atom with 19 neutrons?
35
Which particle in the atom has the least mass?
electron
What is the relationship between energy and wavelength of EMR?
They are inversely related.
Is the burning of wood in a campfire be a physical or chemical change?
chemical
Who's model of the atom described atoms as billiard balls (solid spheres that combine in whole number ratios)?
Dalton
The stability of the nucleus an atom is determined by the ratio of what two particles?
Proton to neutron ratio
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does a neutral atom of oxygen-18 have?
8P, 8E, 10N
What does emit mean?
to give off (energy)
Element, compound or mixture: CO2
Compound
Which part of the atom did Rutherford discover and what was his experiment?
What two things factor in to an element's average atomic mass?
The mass of each isotope, and the relative abundance of each isotope
The vast majority of an atom is made up of ...
empty space
What is the ionic charge of a atom that gains 3 electrons?
negative 3 (3-)
How are a mixture and a pure substance different?
The mixture has multiple particle types, but a pure substance has only one particle type.
Consider the quote by Sir Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." What does it mean in the context of this unit and the model of the atom?
Scientific discoveries build on one another and may need updating as new evidence comes to light.
What is meant by percent abundance?
How common a given isotope is (out of a 100 atoms, or a given natural sample)
Which is the densest part of the atom?
the nucleus
What charge will calcium have when it becomes and ion?
2+