history 1
explain Third Estate
97% of the population (the rest of France) They consisted of the bourgeoisie, the san-culottes and the peasants; they paid high taxes and had no special privileges
explain Causes of the French Revolution
Rising Bread Prices, debt, war, social class system, unfair taxes
explain Enlightenment ideas
All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life liberty and property. It is the duty of the government to protect the natural rights of its citizens. Enlightenment thinkers were primarily interested in changing the relationship between the people and their government. Government's decisions should be based on laws of nature and reason
explain Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens
who was John Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
what are natural rights of citizens
Life, Liberty, and Property
National Assembly
French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789.
Why did the French Revolution occur?
The government was near bankruptcy and society was unequal
What did Sir Isaac Newton discover?
The three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity
What were 3 IR technologies?
The water wheel, spinning jenny, steam engine, steam locomotive
Which Enlightenment thinker proposed three branches of government and a checks and balances system?
Baron de Montesquie
How many stages of the French Revolution were there?
4 stages
What event occurred after the Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
what is the Congress of Vienna
(1814-1815 CE) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon.
How was French society organized?
Into estates (First, Second, and Third)
Which Enlightenment thinker advocated for absolutism in government?
Thomas Hobbes
explain South American Independence
began with the the rebellion in Latin America was Napoleon's invasion of Spain. He expelled the Spanish king and replaced him with his brother Joseph. Latin american leaders saw Spain's weakness as an opportunity to reject foreign domination and declare independence
Which Haitian social class was the highest on the social structure?
Grand Blancs (the wealthy landowners)
Which rulers were in power at the time of the French Revolution?
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
Where did the Haitian Revolution start?
Saint-Domingue
What were the Catholic Church's views on the Scientific Revolution?
The Church opposed the Scientific Revolution- the ideas contradicted the Church's teachings and went against their beliefs.
Where did the IR first start?
England
Which act sanctioned/ closed off lands in the country?
The Enclosure Act of 1801
What were the four different social classes of Haiti?
Grand Blancs, Petit Blancs, free people of color, and slaves
What was the most violent phase in the French Revolution?
The Reign of Terror