Butts and Guts
This stool can be described as shiny, black, and tarry
What is melena
This endoscopy procedure is the treatment of choice for diagnosing and treating upper GI bleeds
What is a Esophagogastroduodenoscopy or EGD
These three liver-specific labs will be increased in liver failure
What are AST, ALT, and bilirubin
These two "p's" in a pod are commonly used for PUD prophylaxis in hospitalized clients
What are pepcid and protonix
When a patient's Hgb level reaches this number, a transfusion of PRBC's may be ordered.
What is 7
This bacteria can cause GERD, peptic ulcers, and ultimately GI bleeding
What is helicobacter pylori or H. Pylori
This is the medical terminology for maroon stool
What is hematochezia
These are two procedural interventions that can be performed during an upper GI endoscopy to stop active GI bleeding
What is sclerotherapy, thermal methods, electrocoagulation, or clips
This antibiotic is commonly used to treat GI bleeding caused by H. Pylori
What is metronidazole (amoxicillin and clarithromycin also acceptable)
This is first symptom(s) that a patient going into hypovolemic shock may exhibit
What is hypoxia= increased respirations or neuro changes secondary to hypoxia
This stool test may be ordered for patients with a low H&H but no other obvious signs of bleeding
What is a guaiac reagent or occult blood test
This type of GI bleed may be seen after a wild night of drinking followed by aggressive vomiting
These are three top causes of liver cirrhosis
What are alcoholism, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatitis
This intravenous medication helps improve intravascular fluid volume in clients with third spacing
What is albumin
This is the amount of blood loss that usually occurs before organ damage starts occurring
What is 1,000 mL
This procedure can diagnose internal hemorrhoids to polyps to diverticulosis
This medical device can be used to tamponade esophageal varices for severe bleeding
What is a Sengstaken-Blakemore or Minnesota tube
This medical emergency is a side effect of cirrhosis and portal hypotension, usually exhibiting the vomiting of bright red blood, hemodynamic instability, and hypovolemic shock
What is variceal bleeding or esophageal varices rupturing
This is the vasopressor of choice for patients who are hypotensive secondary to variceal bleeding
What is vasopressin
This invasive procedure can improve diaphragm and lung expansion and splanchnic blood flow in patient's with liver cirrhosis
This part of the GI tract cannot be reached via endoscopy and requires other methods to identify and stop a suspected GI bleed
What is the small bowel
This EKG change may be observed after massive blood loss
What is ST segment depression or flattening T waves
These are examples of a breakfast, snack, and meal that could be consumed by a patient with hepatic encephalopathy. (List breakfast meal, snack, and something for lunch or dinner)
What is.... anything low protein or with plant or dairy protein instead of meat protein
This medication is given IV usually alongside pantoprazole to decrease splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure. Hint: it may mess up your blood sugar
What is octreotide or somatostatin
These three signs and symptoms can alert a nurse to a severe complication of ulcer perforation
What is: sudden severe pain, abdominal rigidity, tachycardia, fever, nausea/ vomiting, abdominal guarding