Physics
In 1922 and 1923, Heisenberg, Dirac, and Schrodinger won two seperate nobel prizes for the invention and foundational work in this emerging field of physics
Quantum Mechanics
Kariko and Weissman shared the 2023 prize for the development of effective mRNA vaccines against this virus.
COVID-19
Ernest Rutherford, the 1908 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry, proposed an early model of this particle.
Atom
The first person to ever receive two noble prizes, she first shared the prize in physics in 1903, and later the prize in chemistry in 1911.
Marie Curie
At age 17, this teenage girl championing female education won the nobel peace prize, becoming the youngest to ever win a nobel prize
Malala Yousafzai
In 1929, Louis de Broglie won the prize for his work in the wave particle duality of what fundamental particle
Electron
Crick, Watson, and Wilkins shared the 1962 prize for discoveries concerning the structure of this macromolecule
DNA
Isotopes
The 1904 prize went to this famous Russian physician-psychologist for his work on the physiology of digestion. Today, he is known for his early work on classical conditioning
Ivlan Pavlov
John Nash was awarded the 1994 nobel prize in economics for the development of this new field of matheatics
Game Theory
Glashow, Salam, and Weinberg shared the 1979 prize for their unification of what two fundamental forces
The Weak Force and The Electromagnetic Force
The discovery of this antibiotic won Chain, Fleming, Walter, and Florey the 1945 prize.
Penicillin
The 2024 prize went to Google employees Hassabis and Jumper for the for this AI model used to predict protein folding
AlphaFold2
(AlphaFold is acceptable)
List either winner of the 2013 prize in Physics "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles"
Peter Higgs or François Englert
The first Nobel Prize was awarded in which year
1901
John Bardeen won the 1956 prize for his involvement in the invention of the semiconductor. He won the prize again in 1972 for his contributions to the theory of this material phonemenon
Superconductivity
Gurdon and Yamanaka shared the 2012 prize "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent." Zygotes naturally possess pluripotent cells at conception. What are these pluripotent cells called?
Stem cells
van't Hoff, awarded in 1901 for his contributions to chemical dynamics, developed a namesake equation describring the relationship between these two variables.
Equilibrium constant and temperature
List either of the two recipients of the 1992 prize in Physiology and Medicine "for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism"
Edmond Fischer or Edwin Krebs
This American singer was awarded the 2016 prize in literature "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition," becoming the first ever musician to do so
Bob Dylan
Cornell, Ketterle, and Wieman shared the 2001 prize for the achievement of this exotic state of matter
Bose-Einstein Condensate
Peyton Rous won the 1966 prize "for his discovery of tumor-inducing viruses," leading to increased research in these types of viruses, which use reverse transcriptase to replicate and infect host cells.
Retrovirus
The 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for "research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants," which led to the discovery of this namesake cycle.
Calvin cycle
Recieved the 1949 prize in Physics “for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces," this professor emeritus of Tokyo University is known for his model of the strong nuclear force involving his namesake potential.
Hideki Yukawa
The first self-identifying physicist to win the fields medal, this Princeton professor has not won a nobel prize for his work in string theory
Edward Witten