Clinical measurement
what vital sign measure how fast the heart beats per minute?
Heart rate
What is the major function of carbs?
Provide energy
What body plane divides the body into left and right sides?
The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right sides.
When a person is standing upright facing forward with arms at their sides, what is this standard reference position called?
The anatomical position is standing upright, facing forward, with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.
What does hand hygiene mean, and why is it important in preventing the spread of infection?
Hand hygiene means cleaning hands by washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It is important because it removes germs and helps prevent the spread of infection.
This measurement estimates body fat using a person’s height and weight.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
what is the major function of fats?
Provide energy
What body plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections?
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections.
A patient is lying flat on their back during an exam. What is this body position called?
The supine position is lying flat on the back.
What is the difference between standard precautions and transmission-based precautions?
Standard precautions are infection control measures used for all patients, such as hand hygiene and gloves, while transmission-based precautions are extra measures used for patients with known or suspected infections (contact, droplet, or airborne).
This measurement estimates body fat using a person’s height and weight.
Diastolic Pressure
What are the SIX essential nutrition classes?
Carbs
fats
proteins
vitamins
Minerals and water
Which body plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves?
The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves.
A patient is lying on their stomach for a procedure. What is this body position, and why might it be used?
The prone position is lying on the stomach and is often used for procedures involving the back or spine.
When should personal protective equipment (PPE) be used, and what are three examples of PPE used in infection control?
Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used when there is a risk of exposure to blood, body fluids, or infectious materials. Three examples of PPE are gloves, masks, and gowns.
What is the normal resting respiratory rate range for a healthy adult?
What is considered a normal healthy BMI?
18.5-24.9
A medical image shows a cross-section of the body at the level of the abdomen. Which body plane is being used, and why is this plane especially useful in imaging studies like CT scans?
The transverse plane is being used because it shows cross-sectional views of the body, which allows doctors to clearly see internal structures and is especially useful in CT and MRI imaging.
A patient is positioned lying on their side with the top leg bent and supported for comfort during a kidney examination. What is this body position called, and what is its clinical purpose?
The Sims’ position is lying on the side with the top leg bent, and it is commonly used for rectal exams, enemas, or kidney-related examinations.
A patient is diagnosed with an airborne infectious disease. What infection control precautions should be taken to protect healthcare workers and other patients?
For an airborne infectious disease, the patient should be placed in an airborne isolation room, healthcare workers should wear an N95 respirator or equivalent, and the door should remain closed to prevent the spread of infection.
This unit is used in the United States to measure blood glucose levels during clinical testing.
milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)?
This fat-soluble vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, and it can be produced by the body when skin is exposed to sunlight.
Vitamin D
A surgeon is reviewing an MRI scan that shows a vertical slice through the body that separates the patient into equal left and right halves while also allowing comparison of anterior and posterior structures at multiple levels. Which specific body plane is being used, and why is this plane important for evaluating symmetry and diagnosing conditions such as brain tumors or spinal abnormalities?
The midsagittal plane is being used. This plane divides the body into equal left and right halves, which is important for evaluating symmetry between the two sides of the body and for accurately identifying abnormalities such as tumors or spinal misalignment.
A critically ill patient needs both a spinal procedure and frequent assessment of the back while also requiring measures to prevent pressure injuries and maintain airway safety. The healthcare team positions the patient face-down with the head turned to the side, places supportive padding under the chest and hips, and carefully aligns the spine. What is this body position called, and why must the healthcare team take extra precautions when using it?
This is the prone position. Extra precautions are necessary because the prone position can compromise the airway, restrict breathing, and increase the risk of pressure injuries and nerve damage, so careful padding, monitoring, and frequent reassessment are required.
A hospitalized patient with a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) requires care from multiple healthcare workers each day. What infection control strategies should be implemented to prevent the spread of the organism within the facility?
Infection control strategies include placing the patient on contact precautions, using gowns and gloves for all patient contact, performing strict hand hygiene before and after care, dedicating or disinfecting equipment between uses, limiting patient movement outside the room, and ensuring staff education and compliance monitoring to reduce transmission.