9 OF RULERS
According to the adult Rule of Nines, one entire arm (both the front and the back) accounts for this percentage of total body surface area (TBSA)
What is 9%?
The Parkland formula calculates the 24-hour fluid requirement for burn patients by multiplying the %TBSA, the patient's weight in kilograms, and this specific volume of fluid
What is 4 mL?
This is the normal, healthy range for a patient's minute volume (or minute ventilation), expressed in liters per minute
What is 4 to 8 Liters/minute?
A patient is classified as having "Moderate ARDS" when their PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio falls between these two numbers
What is 100 to 200?
In the START triage algorithm, a patient who is spontaneously breathing at a rate greater than 30 breaths per minute immediately receives this color tag
What is Red (Immediate)?
If a patient sustains burns to the entire front of their torso, this is the percentage of TBSA affected
What is 18%?
According to the Parkland formula, a 100 kg patient with a 10% TBSA burn requires this total volume of intravenous fluid in the first 24 hours
What is 4,000 mL (4 mL x 100 kg x 10%)?
To calculate a patient's minute volume, you multiply the set tidal volume by this specific ventilator setting
What is the Respiratory Rate (or breaths per minute)?
A standard PEEP setting is 5 cm H2O, but the typical therapeutic range can go up to this number for very sick ARDS patients
What is 18 cm H2O?
Patients who are able to walk and follow basic commands on their own during a mass casualty event are grouped into this color category
Patients who are able to walk and follow basic commands on their own during a mass casualty event are grouped into this color category
An adult patient burns the front of their left leg and the front of their right leg; combined, this is their total %TBSA
What is 18% (9% for the front of each leg)?
If your burn patient requires 8,000 mL of fluid in their first 24 hours, standard resuscitation protocols dictate that this much fluid must be administered within the first 8 hours.
What is 4,000 mL (half of the total volume)?
When deciding on a safe tidal volume for a patient on volume control, current best practice dictates calculating it at this range of milliliters per kilogram of body weight
What is 6 to 10 mL/kg?
If an ARDS patient has a PaO2 of 85 and is receiving 50% FiO2 (0.50), their P/F ratio is 170, placing them in this severity classification
What is Moderate ARDS?
A patient who exhibits no spontaneous respirations, even after the responder attempts to open and reposition their airway, is assigned this grim color tag
What is Black (Expectant / Deceased)?
If an adult patient suffers burns to their entire head (front and back) and their entire posterior trunk (back), this is their total %TBSA
What is 27% (9% for the head + 18% for the back)?
To correctly implement the fluid resuscitation timeline (e.g., the first 8 hours), the clock starts ticking at this specific moment, not when the patient arrives at the hospital
What is the moment of the burn injury?
If your patient's ventilator is set to a rate of 12 breaths per minute and a tidal volume of 500 mL per breath, their minute volume is exactly this amount in liters
What is 6 Liters (12 x 500 = 6,000 mL)?
To avoid ventilator-induced barotrauma in stiff lungs, nurses closely monitor Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) and become highly concerned when it creeps above this specific safety threshold
What is 35 cm H2O?
A victim who is breathing under 30 breaths per minute, has a present radial pulse, and correctly obeys commands receives this color tag because their transport can safely wait
What is Yellow (Delayed)?
This specific anatomical area is the only one that accounts for exactly 1% of the adult total body surface area
What is the groin (or genitalia)?
A 50 kg patient with a 20% TBSA burn requires this total volume of fluid in the first 24 hours
What is 4,000 mL (4 mL x 50 kg x 20%)?
Your patient's vent is set at a rate of 10 with a tidal volume of 600 mL. If you want to decrease the tidal volume to 400 mL to protect their lungs, but you must maintain the exact same minute volume (6 Liters), you need to change the rate to this number of breaths per minute
What is 15 breaths per minute?
If an ARDS patient has a PaO2 of 65 and is receiving 70% FiO2 (0.70), their P/F ratio is roughly 93, placing them in this severity classification
What is Severe ARDS?
When rapidly assessing perfusion during disaster triage, a patient is tagged as "Immediate" (Red) if their capillary refill time is greater than this many seconds
What is 2 seconds?