organic functional groups
Name the simplest alcohol, CH3OH.
Methanol
Define a conformer.
A conformer is a structure of the same molecule that differs by rotation around a single bond.
What makes a carbon atom chiral?
A carbon atom is chiral if it has four different groups attached.
Assign R/S configuration to a simple chiral center in CH3CH(OH)CH3
(R)-2-propanol.
Name the compound NaCl.
Sodium chloride.
What is the IUPAC name for CH3COOH
Ethanoic acid
Identify the isomeric relationship between C4H10 molecules: n-butane and isobutane.
They are constitutional (structural) isomers.
Identify the chiral center in CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3.
A2: The second carbon (bearing OH) is the chiral center.
The second carbon (bearing OH) is the chiral center.
Name the geometric isomer CH3CH=CHCH3 using E/Z nomenclature.
(E)-2-butene.
What is the name of the compound Mg(NO3)2?
Magnesium nitrate.
Name the compound CH3CH2OCH3
Ethyl methyl ether.
Draw and name the conformers of ethane.
Staggered and eclipsed conformations.
Determine if CH3CH(Br)CH(Cl)CH3 contains a chiral center.
Yes, the second and third carbons are chiral centers
Assign the R/S configuration for CH3CH(OH)CH(NH2)COOH
(S)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.
Provide the name of Fe2O3.
Iron(III) oxide.
What is the IUPAC name for the molecule C6H5CH3
A4: Methylbenzene
Explain the energy difference between staggered and eclipsed conformations in ethane.
Staggered conformation has lower energy due to minimized steric hindrance and torsional strain, while eclipsed conformation has higher energy due to these factors.
Identify and classify the number of stereocenters in C6H12O6 (glucose).
Glucose has four stereocenters.
Identify the configuration of (Z)-CH3CH=CHCH2OH
The double bond is (Z)-configured due to high-priority groups being on the same side.
Name CuSO4⋅5H2O
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.
Name CH3CH(OH)CH2CH(NH2)COOH
2-Amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
Determine whether cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene are isomers or conformers.
They are geometric isomers (stereoisomers).
They are geometric isomers (stereoisomers).
Analyze whether CH3CH2CH(Br)CH3 is optically active.
It is not optically active because it lacks chirality (has a plane of symmetry).
Assign both E/Z and R/S nomenclature to CH2CH(Br)C(=CH2)CH3
(Z)-2-bromo-3-pentene with the second carbon (C2) being (S)-configured.
Name the complex compound [Cr(NH3)6]Cl3
Hexaamminechromium(III) chloride