"Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation"
Character Analysis RI.7.3
Character Analysis RI.7.3
In Paragraph 7, what is the purpose of the “sand dummies”?
A to make the rides more comfortable
B to stand in for human passengers
C to test the weight load of a cart
D to keep the cart on the track
B to stand in for human passengers
How does paragraph 6 provide relevant support for the author’s claims?
A. by using emotional appeal
B. by connecting to the opposing viewpoint
C. by describing the benefits of getting more sleep
D. by explaining a major fault in school administration
B. by connecting to the opposing viewpoint
Let's Start School Later
Which inference can be made from the information about teenagers’ sleep cycles in the text?
A. Teenagers choose to stay awake late because they dislike school.
B. Teenagers naturally fall asleep later because of biological changes during puberty.
C. Teenagers get enough sleep even when school begins early in the morning.
D. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as adults.
B. Teenagers naturally fall asleep later because of biological changes during puberty.
Let's Start School Later
Which statement best states the central idea of the passage?
A. Teenagers stay up late because they spend too much time texting and playing games.
B. Teenagers should learn better habits so they can wake up earlier.
C. Athletic schedules and bus routes make it impossible for schools to change their start times.
D. Schools should consider starting later because teens need more sleep for health, learning, and safety.
D. Schools should consider starting later because teens need more sleep for health, learning, and safety.
Let's Start School Later
How does the author organize the information in paragraph 5?
A. by explaining a problem and then suggesting several solutions
B. by comparing teenagers to adults
C. by describing a sequence of events in chronological order
D. by presenting an opposing viewpoint and then arguing against it
D. by presenting an opposing viewpoint and then arguing against it
What course of action does the author recommend for people who want a career in roller coaster design?
A attend a college that offers a degree program in roller coaster design
B begin by building a miniature roller coaster and then design one that is larger
C obtain a college degree in engineering and then work for a company that designs roller coasters
D start at a low-level job running the roller coaster at an amusement park and then ask for a promotion
C obtain a college degree in engineering and then work for a company that designs roller coasters
Which quote from the text provides relevant supporting evidence for the claim that “Some people feel that teenagers’ lack of sleep is their own fault”?
A. “People this age require nine hours of sleep.”
B. “They talk or text on the phone and play computer games instead of going to sleep.”
C. “They want students to recognize the need for a healthy amount of sleep now and in the future.”
D. “Some students tend to get into a lot of trouble during the afternoon hours.”
B. “They talk or text on the phone and play computer games instead of going to sleep.”
Let's Start School Later
Which inference can be made from the examples of schools that changed their start times?
A. Changing school schedules always causes major problems for sports teams and employers.
B. Students prefer earlier start times once they become used to them.
C. Schools that start later often see improvements in student alertness and attendance.
D. Only a few schools have ever attempted to change their schedules.
C. Schools that start later often see improvements in student alertness and attendance.
Let's Start School Later
In the sentence “Teenagers are constantly sleep deprived,” what does the word deprived most nearly mean?
A. lacking something necessary
B. protected from
C. excited about something
D. forced to complete something
A. lacking something necessary
Let's Start School Later
Why does the author include information about schools that already start later?
A. to show that the idea has been successful in real situations
B. to explain why teenagers dislike early classes
C. to describe the history of school schedules
D. to criticize schools that have not made the change
A. to show that the idea has been successful in real situations
How does the author connect the choice of building materials (wood vs. steel) to the overall experience of the rider?
A. By suggesting that wooden coasters are designed for adults and steel coasters are for children.
B. By describing how the physical properties of steel allow for features like loops that wood cannot easily support.
C. By explaining that steel is used exclusively for safety while wood is used for speed.
D. By highlighting that wooden coasters are built in factories to ensure they are more flexible than steel.
B. By describing how the physical properties of steel allow for features like loops that wood cannot easily support.
Which quote from the text lacks relevant support for the author’s claims?
A. “Once puberty hits, teenagers’ bodies do not want to go to sleep before about 11:00 PM.”
B. “Young people are simply more likely to have accidents if they drive while they are tired.”
C. “Some people feel that teenagers’ lack of sleep is their own fault.”
D. “High school students need more sleep to be healthy, happy, and safe.”
C. “Some people feel that teenagers’ lack of sleep is their own fault.”
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
Which excerpt from the passage most clearly suggests that every roller coaster is unique?
A The loops twist upside down and sideways and the gravity-defying hills swoop up and down.
B Roller coasters are always custom designed for the amusement park where they will be built.
C Steel coasters are built section by section in a factory and then assembled on location at the amusement park.
D There are only about 100 companies in the United States that design such rides.
B Roller coasters are always custom designed for the amusement park where they will be built.
Let's Start School Later
What is the meaning of the phrase “internal clocks” as it is used in the passage?
A. the body’s natural system that controls when people feel sleepy or awake
B. the daily schedule that schools create for students
C. electronic devices that track sleep
D. the amount of time teenagers spend doing homework
A. the body’s natural system that controls when people feel sleepy or awake
Let's Start School Later
How does the author mainly develop the argument throughout the passage?
A. by describing a single student’s experience with sleep problems
B. by listing different types of schools around the country
C. by explaining the causes of sleep deprivation and then presenting evidence that later start times help
D. by describing how teenagers spend their time after school
C. by explaining the causes of sleep deprivation and then presenting evidence that later start times help
According to the text, what is the relationship between the amusement park's landscape and the final design of a roller coaster?
A. The landscape determines whether a coaster will be a log ride or a traditional rolling ride.
B. The coaster must often be designed to navigate around existing rides and natural features of the park.
C. The landscape is only considered after the coaster has been fully constructed in a factory.
D. The landscape is usually flattened completely to make room for the track's foundation.
B. The coaster must often be designed to navigate around existing rides and natural features of the park.
Which quote from the text lacks support for the author’s argument in favor of later start times?
A. “Their internal clocks work differently than those of children and adults.”
B. “Bus routes and athletic schedules have to be altered.”
C. “Teachers in these schools have found that attendance is better and that students are more alert.”
D. “They want students to recognize the need for a healthy amount of sleep now and in the future.”
B. “Bus routes and athletic schedules have to be altered.”
Based on the information in “Designing Thrills,” the field of engineering most likely concerns which of these? RI.7.1
A applying the principles of art to public projects
B building mechanical parts for carts and automobiles
C finding new uses for traditional materials such as wood and steel
D using science and mathematics in figuring out how things work
D using science and mathematics in figuring out how things work
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
Which excerpt from “Designing Thrills” expresses the main idea?
A. If you love roller coasters, then you probably think that designing them would be one of the coolest jobs in the world.
B. It takes both design knowledge and engineering skill to make sure that a roller coaster is both fun and safe.
C. Designers start by thinking about the type of coaster based on the requirements of the amusement park.
D. These companies employ teams that include electrical and mechanical engineers, drafting engineers, and structural designers.
B. It takes both design knowledge and engineering skill to make sure that a roller coaster is both fun and safe.
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
How does the final paragraph contribute to the overall structure of the passage?
A. It provides a summary of the safety statistics mentioned in the previous sections.
B. It introduces a new problem regarding the lack of roller coaster schools to contradict earlier points.
C. It shifts from describing the technical process of building a coaster to providing career guidance for the reader.
D. It lists the 100 companies in the United States to prove the industry is growing.
C. It shifts from describing the technical process of building a coaster to providing career guidance for the reader.
How does the author develop the idea that safety is a multi-step process in roller coaster design?
A. By showing that safety is the responsibility of the riders rather than the designers.
B. By explaining that only 100 companies are allowed to build coasters to keep the industry small.
C. By detailing the progression from computer calculations to 'sand dummy' testing and government inspection.
D. By focusing solely on the mechanical devices like the chain lifts and guide wheels.
C. By detailing the progression from computer calculations to 'sand dummy' testing and government inspection.
Which quote from the text lacks support for the author’s claims about teenagers and sleep?
A. “It is so hard for teenagers to wake up early for school.”
B. “Young people are simply more likely to have accidents if they drive while they are tired.”
C. “They talk or text on the phone and play computer games instead of going to sleep.”
D. “These schools stress that sleeping is an important biological function.”
C. “They talk or text on the phone and play computer games instead of going to sleep.”
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
Based on the text, which statement best explains why a roller coaster designer must consider the 'established park' before beginning a new project?
A. Because there is often limited space, requiring the new track to be woven through existing attractions and landscape features.
B. Because the designer needs to ensure that the new coaster is built from scratch on-site like all other rides.
C. Because the new coaster must be built using the same materials as the older rides to maintain a consistent look.
D. Because government officials will not approve a design unless it is taller than every other ride in the park.
A. Because there is often limited space, requiring the new track to be woven through existing attractions and landscape features.
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
In paragraph 5, what is the meaning of the word 'slammer' as it is used to describe a specific section of a roller coaster?
A. A safety device that locks the wheels of the car to the track.
B. A mechanical chain that pulls the car to the top of the first hill.
C. A structural support beam that prevents the coaster from swaying.
D. A transition from a drop to a flat section that forces riders back into their seats.
D. A transition from a drop to a flat section that forces riders back into their seats.
Designing Thrills: Roller Coaster Creation
How do paragraphs 3 through 7 contribute to the development of the author's ideas in the text?
A. They provide a chronological sequence of the stages involved in bringing a roller coaster from an idea to a finished ride.
B. They argue that steel roller coasters are superior to wooden roller coasters in terms of construction speed.
C. They compare and contrast the different types of engineering degrees required to work in the amusement park industry.
D. They present a problem regarding roller coaster safety and then offer several modern solutions.
A. They provide a chronological sequence of the stages involved in bringing a roller coaster from an idea to a finished ride.