This structure is the first sonography evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy.
What is gestational sac?
The primary ethical principle supporting informed consent in obstetric sonography.
What is respect for autonomy?

The most common occurrence of bleeding in the first trimester.
What is subchorionic hemorrhage?
The substance produced in the fetal liver and detected in maternal blood.
What is alpha-fetoprotein?
The most reliable method used to assess the amount of amniotic fluid.
What is the amniotic fluid index (AFI)?
The phenomenon where the midgut temporarily herniates into the umbilical cord.
What is physiologic herniation?
The principle that directs sonographers to avoid causing harm.
What is nonmaleficience?

A large, empty gestational sac without a yolk sac or embryo.
What is a blighted ovum (anembryonic pregnancy)?
The key marker measured for assessing fetal lung maturity.
What is the lecithin-sphinomyelin ration (LS ratio)?
The word used of sonographic appearance indicating the degree of ossification in fetal bones.
What is echogenicity?
The gestational age at which the yolk sac is first visible.
What is 5 weeks?
This professional document outlines the ethical responsibilities and standards of conduct that guide sonographers from their very first obstetrical examination.
What is the SDMS Code of Ethics?
The gestational sac size at which a yolk sac should be visible.
What is 8 mm?
The part of the fetal brain that appears echogenic in early development.
What is the choroid plexus?
The sonographic appearance/grade of a placenta with small calcifications after 36 weeks.
What is Grade II?
The heart of the embryo starts beating at approximately this many days.
What is 35 days?
The key ethical principle involved in fair distribution of healthcare benefits and burdens.
What is justice?
The condition where fetal cardiac activity is absent despite an embryo over 7 mm.
What is pregnancy failure?
The structure that allows fetal blood to bypass the lungs by connecting the pulmonary artery and aorta.
What is the ductus arteriosus?
The normal axis of the fetal heart relative to the thorax.
What is approximately 45 degrees?
The phase when the embryonic disk converts into a trilaminar structure.
What is gastrulation?
The principle requiring sonographers to keep patient information confidential, even from family members, without explicit consent.
What is confidentiality (HIPAA)?
This condition is accompanied by an elevation in this blood serum lab.

What is hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)?
The grading scale used to assess fetal breathing, movement, tone, and heart rate.
What is the biophysical profile (BPP)?
The sonographic method used to measure resistance and flow in fetal blood vessels.
What is Doppler sonography?