Philosophers
This ancient Greek philosopher argued that virtue is a mean between excess and deficiency.
Who is Aristotle?
In utilitarianism, the right action is the one that maximizes this.
What is happiness?
For Aristotle, human good ultimately consists in activity of the soul exhibiting this.
What is excellence (or virtue)?
According to Kant, this is the only thing that is good without qualification.
What is a good will?
A famous thought experiement involving a switch/lever?
What is the trolley problem?
This philosopher is most closely associated with deontological ethics and the categorical imperative.
Who is Immanuel Kant?
This version of utilitarianism holds that an act is right if and only if it produces as much good as any available alternative.
What is act utilitarianism?
According to Aristotle, to feel fear, confidence, pleasure, or anger at the right time and in the right way is characteristic of this.
What is virtue?
Kant’s moral principle that commands actions unconditionally, regardless of personal desires, is called this.
What is the categorical imperative?
What is The Good Place?
This philosopher argues in Crito that one must never return injustice for injustice, even if one has been wronged.
Who is Socrates?
This version of utilitarianism claims an act is right if it follows a rule that, if generally accepted, would maximize utility.
What is rule utilitarianism?
In virtue ethics, courage is the mean between these two extremes.
What are rashness and cowardice?
In the second formulation of the categorical imperative, Kant says we must treat humanity always as this, never merely as a means.
What is an end in itself?
The normative theory that morality should be guided by reason, not emotion
What is deontology?
This philosopher argued that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness.
Who is John Stuart Mill?
The “justice objection” to utilitarianism includes a scenario in which a sheriff considers framing this type of person to prevent a riot.
What is an innocent person?
Aristotle claims that intellectual virtue requires this, while moral virtue requires habit.
What is teaching (or instruction)?
According to Kant’s Formula of the End in Itself, we must always treat humanity never merely as this, but always also as an end.
What is a means?
This Cardi B Song is on the Phil102 playlist
What is WAP?
He actually wrote the Crito
Who is Plato?
The objection that utilitarianism may justify punishing an innocent person for the greater good is known as this.
What is the justice objection?
According to Virginia Held, this ethical theory emphasizes attending to the needs of particular others for whom we take responsibility.
What is the ethics of care?
In Kantian ethics, this term refers to the principle or policy on which a person sees himself or herself as acting.
What are deception and coercion?
How do you tell if a woman is a witch?