MSK
A patient reports lateral shoulder pain and difficulty initiating abduction. Which muscle is most likely involved?
Supraspinatus
Explanation: The supraspinatus muscle is responsible for the first 15 degrees of abduction
A physical therapist is performing manual muscle testing of the left gluteus maximus in a patient with hip osteoarthritis. The patient is unable to perform hip extension against gravity. The patient is positioned in right side-lying, and when asked to extend the left hip, she is able to move her leg through the full range of motion while the therapist supports (cradles) the leg. However, when the therapist applies manual resistance, the patient is unable to move the leg. Which of the following manual muscle tests grades will MOST likely be documented?
2/5
A patient presents with esotropia and has difficulty turning her eyes outward. Which of the following cranial nerves is MOST likely affected?
Cranial Nerve VI (Abducens Nerve)
A child should be able to sit independently by this age.
6 months
This chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
Right atrium
A fall on an outstretched hand causes tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox. Which bone is most likely fractured?
Scaphoid
The patient had a posterior approach to her THA. Her daughter is visiting the SNF and asks the physical therapist to review the precautions associated with the surgery. Which of the following groups of movements BEST describes the positions to avoid following a posterior THA?
Hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation
During a neurological exam, how is the Modified Ashworth Scale used?
To grade muscle tone/spasticity.
This diagnosis is characterized by scissoring gait, increased muscle tone, and hyperreflexia.
Spastic Cerebral Palsy
This artery supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle and is commonly referred to as the “widow maker.”
Left anterior descending (LAD) artery
A patient with an inability to dorsiflex the ankle and foot drop likely has a lesion affecting which specific nerve branch?
Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
A 47-year-old female experienced a fall while wearing high heeled shoes and complains of increased pain in her right ankle. She was only able to take one step with her right foot after the fall. Since then, she has been ambulating with bilateral axillary crutches maintaining non-weightbearing status on her right lower extremity due to pain. She reports notable ankle swelling, and is unable to dorsiflex her ankle beyond neutral. Which of the symptoms reported by the patient is the MOST significant and warrants referral for imaging?
Only able to bear 1 step
Explanation: Ottawa Ankle Rules indicates that the inability to take more than four steps with the affected ankle warrants an ankle radiograph to determine if a fracture has occurred before any other intervention is performed.
When performing the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, the therapist observes up-beating torsional nystagmus lasting less than 60 seconds. What is most likely the name of this condition AND which canal is damaged?
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
AND
Posterior canal
A child presents with proximal muscle weakness, calf pseudohypertrophy, and elevated creatine kinase. Genetic testing confirms deletion in the dystrophin gene. What is the likely condition?
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
The S3 heart sound is associated with this cardiac condition.
Congestive heart failure
Damage to this nerve results in scapular winging, due to loss of function of this muscle.
Please provide the nerve and muscle.
Long thoracic nerve; serratus anterior
An 11-year-old boy reports pain just below the patella that worsens when ascending stairs and jumping. There is tenderness over the tibial tuberosity. Which condition is most likely?
Osgood-Schlatter disease
A patient cannot feel pinprick or temperature on the left side of the trunk and leg. Damage to which spinal pathway best explains this finding?
Spinothalamic tract
In children with cerebral palsy, this intervention is used to reduce spasticity but may cause temporary weakness.
Botulinum toxin injection (Botox)
A patient with jugular venous distension, hepatomegaly, and peripheral edema likely has this condition.
Right-sided heart failure (cor pulmonae)
A lesion of this nerve may cause inability to push off during terminal stance of gait due to loss of plantarflexion strength.
Tibial nerve
A physical therapist is working with a patient diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis. The patient has minimal pain at this point, but is very stiff into external rotation. The physical therapist elects to use a joint mobilization to start the session. Which of the following joint mobilizations/glide would be BEST to improve the patient's external rotation range of motion?
Posterior glide
A patient with a high-level SCI experiences severe hypertension and bradycardia triggered by a full bladder. What is the diagnosis?
Autonomic Dysreflexia
At what age should a child be able to jump forward, ascend stairs reciprocally, and pedal a tricycle?
3 years old
You read an ECG showing irregularly irregular rhythm, absent P waves, and narrow QRS complexes. This arrhythmia is most likely _______?
Atrial Fibrillation