MSK
Neuro
Cardiopulmonary
Other Systems
Random
100
Hip precautions for posterolateral approach
Avoid flexion >90 deg, ext, adduction, or internal rotation.
100
What nerve is involved with carpal tunnel syndrome?
BONUS: Name some of the muscles innervated by this nerve.
Median n.
(PFPF)
Pronator Quadratus
Flexor pollicis longus
Opponens Poliicis
100
Which heart sounds are normal? Abnormal?
BONUS: When do you hear them and what sound does the normal heart sounds make?
S1 and S2 heart sounds normal
S3 and S4 abnormal
S1: "LUB" closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves during systole
S2: "DUB" closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves during diastole
S3: abnormal filling of the ventricles (CHF)
S4: abnormal filling of the ventricles and atrial contraction (pulmonary HTN)
100
What is the flow of the lymphatic system
[CV-NTD]
Capillaries
Vessels
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic Trunk
Lymphatic Duct
100
What are the ottawa ankle rules?
Tenderness of the lateral/medial malleolus
Unable to WB
Tenderness of the base of the 5th metatarsal
Tenderness of the navicular
200
A therapist has been treating a patient over a period of 4 months for decreased shoulder elevation and a loss of external rotation. Recovery has been good; however, the patient still complains of being unable to reach the upper shelves of kitchen cabinets and closets. To help the patient achieve this goal, what should be the focus of manual therapy.
A. Superior glide
B. Inferior glide
C. Anterior glide
D. Grade II oscillitation
C. Anterior glide
Roll for shoulder external rotation= posterior
Glide= Anterior
Shoulder flexion roll=anterior
Glide= posterior
Posterior glide isn't an option
GH convex on a concave = opposite
200
A 56-year-old male patient is recovering from a severe traumatic brain injury. During your assessment, you observe that the patient is alert and responsive, able to follow simple commands inconsistently, but becomes easily agitated and confused with increased stimuli and complexity of tasks. The patient also exhibits inappropriate behaviors and has difficulty maintaining attention. Based on the Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale, which level best describes this patient's cognitive functioning?
A. Level IV
B. Level V
C. Level VI
D. Level VII
B. Level V
200
When should you terminate exercise in a patient with a known cardiac history?
SBP decreases 20 mmHG or increases to 240 mmHG
DBP incr 110 mmHG
Dyspnea, pallor, excessive fatigue, diaphoretic, angina
Incr. crackles
2nd or 3rd degree heart block
200
A 45-year-old female presents to your clinic with complaints of weight loss despite an increased appetite, palpitations, and heat intolerance. During the physical examination, you notice that she has a noticeable tremor in her hands and protruding eyes (exophthalmos). She also mentions feeling unusually anxious and having trouble sleeping. Based on these symptoms, which condition is most likely affecting the patient?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Addison's disease
D. Cushing's syndrome
B. Hyperthyroidism
200
During the examination of a 30-year-old female patient who presents with shoulder pain and suspected rotator cuff pathology, you perform the Hawkins-Kennedy test. The test involves flexing the patient's shoulder to 90 degrees, then forcibly internally rotating the arm. A positive test elicits pain in the shoulder.
Which of the following conditions is most likely indicated by a positive Hawkins-Kennedy test?
A. Bicipital tendinitis
B. Supraspinatus impingement
C. Acromioclavicular joint arthritis
D. Glenohumeral instability
B. Supraspinatus impingement
300
During a physical examination of a 45-year-old male patient with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), you perform a special test to assess for pain and tenderness at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The test involves resisted extension of the wrist and middle finger with the elbow extended and forearm pronated. A positive test elicits pain at the lateral epicondyle.
Which of the following special tests did you most likely perform?
A. Tinel's sign
B. Phalen's test
C. Finkelstein's test
D. Cozen's test
D. Cozen's test
300
Define Canalithiasis vs Cuplolithiasis
BONUS: What are the treatments?
Canlithiasis: Crystals get dislodged in the ear canal
Cupolithiasis: dislodged into cupula
Canlithiasis: Epley manuever or Brandt daroff
Cupulithiasis: Semont manuever
300
What is metabolic syndrome?
BONUS: Name the 5 risk factors
Cluster of symptoms increasing the risk of the patient developing CVD.
BONUS:
Fasting blood glucose: >120
Triglycerides: >150
Waist circumference: men (>40), women (>35)
High density lipoprotein: <40 men, <50 women
SBP: >130, DBP >85
300
If a patient presents with RUQ pain what is most likely to be affected?
A. Gallbladder, liver, head of pancreas, peptic ulcer
B. Spleen, diaphragm, pancreas-tail
C. Appendix, crohn's disease
D. Diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, IBS
A. Gallbladder, liver, head of pancreas, peptic ulcer
Mnemonic for pain patterns
RUQ: "Good luck hot pack"
LUQ: "Don't banana split"
RLQ: "AC"
LLQ:"DUI"
300
Which two movements should be avoided in individuals diagnosed with osteoporosis?
No rotation or flexion exercises
400
What could potentially cause a forward lean of the trunk in a person's posture?
Weak quadriceps
tight hip flexors
PF tightness
400
Up to which spinal cord level would a patient likely retain the ability to breathe independently without requiring ventilatory support?
A. C2
B. C5
C. T5
D. T10
B. C5
Diaphragm is fully innervated and intact at C5. C2 diaphragm isn't innervated.
400
When should the mediastinum shift away?
BONUS: Name a condition
Mediastinum shifts away when the lung space is "crowded" or has increased tension.
Common conditions: Pneumothorax (air surrounding lung), pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion
400
What is the optimal position a pregnant woman should sleep in after the first trimester?
BONUS: Why?
L-sidelying
Optimal position because supine and R-side lying will compress the IVC decreasing circulation and cardiac output
400
A 35 year old male patient has superficial partial-thickness burns to the anterior right arm, posterior left leg, and anterior head and neck. Using the Rule of Nines, calculate the total body surface area percentage that is burned?
A. 36%
B. 9%
C. 18%
D. 29%
C. 18%
Anterior right arm (4.5%), posterior left leg (9%), and anterior head and neck (4.5%) which equals 18%.
500
Normal ranges Shoulder ROM
Flx
Ext
Abd
IR:
ER
Flexion:160-180
Abd: 170-180
Ext: 10-90
IR: 60-100
ER: 80-90
500
Draw out the brachial plexus
500
A 55-year-old male patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with increased dyspnea and confusion. Upon assessment, you note cyanosis and tachypnea. Arterial blood gas analysis reveals a pH of 7.28, PaCO2 of 70 mmHg, PaO2 of 60 mmHg, and HCO3- of 32 mEq/L. Based on these findings, which acid-base imbalance is most likely present in this patient?
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
A. Respiratory acidosis
500
A 45-year-old male presents to the clinic with a non-healing wound on his left foot. He reports a history of diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease. On examination, the wound is characterized by necrotic tissue and purulent drainage. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial intervention for managing this wound?
A. Application of a moisture-retentive dressing
B. Debridement of necrotic tissue
C. Administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics
D. Compression therapy to improve venous circulation
B. Debridement of necrotic tissue
debridement of necrotic tissue is the initial intervention of choice because it directly addresses the underlying issues of impaired wound healing and infection risk in diabetic patients with non-healing wounds.
500
Rehab protocol for ACL
Avoid OKC 0-30 deg for 4-6 weeks
Avoid CKC 60-90 deg knee flx for 4-6 weeks