Airway, Respiration and Ventilation
What are upper Airway Diseases?
A. Flu, Sinus Infection, Croup
B. Pneumonia, Sinus Infection, Croup
C. Flu, RSV, Sinus Infection
D. RSV, Bronchitis, Pneumonia
A. Flu, Sinus Infection, Croup
You are your partner are called to a home where a 61 year old women is having chest pains. You enter to find that she is unconscious on the floor and an EMT who lives next door is doing CPR. As you attach the AED and begin to analyze, you notice a defibrillator scar on her chest. The AED now tells you that a shock is advised. What is your best choice of action?
Shock as the AED advises and continue CPR.
You are not going to change your treatement plan for this patient because they have a defibrillator impanted. If the AED advises a shock then delivery the shock as advised. It has detected a shockable rhythm
You are dispatched to the scene of a motorcycle crash. Upon arrival, you find the patient lying face down approximately 25 feet from his bike. He is not wearing a helmet and is moaning. You Should:
A. Apply a Cervical Collar
B. Stabilize his head manually
C. Log roll him into a supine position
D. Evaluate the status of his airway
B. Stabilize his head manually.
The mechanism of injury for this patient is significant. In his present position (Prone), you cannot effectively assess his airway. Your first action should be to manually stabilize his head, then log roll him directly onto a backboard. Once that is done you can assess the status of his airway and breathing.
a 37 year old female is 36 weeks pregnant. She tells you that she has a severe headache and blurred vision. She describes decreased fetal activity today. Her vital signs are Pulse 86, RR 14, BP 138/90, and SP02 is 96$ on room air. You should transport her:
On her left side.
When is it acceptable to take a patient directly from the hot zone without going through decontamination?
Never, no matter how sick the patient is they must be decontaminated.
What are lower Airway Diseases?
A. Croup, Flu, Sinus Infection
B. RVS, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia
C. Pneumonia, Bronchitis, Flu
D. Pneumothorax, RVS, Bronchitis
B. RVS, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia
What is perfusion defined as?
The movement of blood through the tissues
A patient experienced blunt trauma to the left upper abdominal quadrant. When he is positioned supine, he experiences severe pain in his left shoulder. Which of the following should the EMT Suspect?
A. Ruptured Spleen
B. Lacerated Bowel
C. Injury to the Kidney
D. Perforated Stomach
A. Ruptured Spleen
The Spleen is located in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Splenic injuries can present with referred pain to the left shoulder.
An unresponsive 58 year old female had a single seizure prior to your arrival. Bystanders tell you that she hasn't woken up since she stopped shaking. While you are preforming your assessment, she has a brief tonic period followed by generalized clonic activity. You should next:
Protect her head and transport
What do the colors mean?
Black
Red
Yellow
Green
Black: Deceased/dying
Red: immediate life threats, needs attention
Yellow: Patients who need treatment but are not immediate
Green: Walking wounded
Which of the following techniques would be used to open a patient's airway if the mechanism of injury is unknown?
A. Head-tilt/Chin -lift Maneuver
B. Jaw Thrust Maneuver
C. Head tilt Maneuver
D. In-line Spinal Immobilization Maneuver
B. Jaw Thrust Maneuver
You are your partner arrive on scene to find a women complaining of severe chest pain. She has a low blood pressure and a very weak pulse. She also has very muffled heart tones and distention of the jugular veins. You should suspect?
Pericardial Tamponade.
The heart is impeded by fluid in the pericardium. This will result in a low blood pressure and muffled heart sounds with a very weak pulse as the heart struggles to pump
When assessing and treating a patient with a gunshot wound, you should routinely:
A. Apply ice directly to the wound
B. Determine why the patient was shot
C. Look for the presence of an exit wound
D. Evaluate the pulses proximal to the wound
C. Look for the presence of an exit wound
Exit wounds can be a source of continued bleeding, both externally and internally.
A 21 year old female has a sudden onset of left lower abdominal quadrant pain and vaginal bleeding. She denies the possibility that she could be pregnant. She tells you the pain started after she had a spicy meal. Her vital sings are Pulse 116, RR 18, BP 94/70 and SP02 is 93% on room air. You should suspect:
Ectopic Pregnancy
You have just arrived on scene at a mass casualty involving a building collapse. You are assigned to triage. The first patient you reach is unconscious with major multi-systems trauma. The patient has no palpable radial pulse, is unconscious, and has agonal respirations at 2/minute. You reposition their airway but the patient's condition does not change. How should you triage this patient?
Black tag/Deceased
A patient is receiving artificial ventilations via a bag-valve mask and if they start gurgling, which of the following is true?
A. Reposition the patient's head
B. Start suctioning
C. Just ignore it and keep ventilating
D. Increase ventilation rate and depth
B. Start suctioning
A person suffering a heart attack would most likely be in what type of shock?
Cardiogenic
You are called to a local nightclub for an injured patient. Law enforcement personnel has secured the scene. Upon arrival, you see a young man who is lying on the ground screaming in pain; bright red blood is spurting from an apparent stab wound to his groin area. You should:
A. Control the bleeding
B. Apply 100% Oxygen
C. Ensure an open airway
D. Prevent Hypothermia
A. Control the bleeding
A 3 year old male is lethargic and does not respond appropriately. His mother tells you he has constantly been tired and drinking more fluid than normal for several weeks. his conjunctivae appear dry. His vital sings are Pulse 130, RR 44, BP 58 systolic and SP02 is 98% on room air. You should suspect:
Hyperglycemia
You are preforming triage at a multiple patient scene. You encounter an unconscious victim with snoring respirations, but no other obvious traumatic injuries. After repositioning the airway with a modified jaw-trust-maneuver, the patients breathing improves. How should you triage this patient.
Red/Immediate
How much oxygen does a non-rebreather mask give to a patient?
A. 22-44%
B. 90-95%
C. 100%
D. 55%
B. 90-95%
Blood flows from the right ventricle to the ___?
Pulmonary Artery.
Blood travels from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery and then into the lungs for oxygenation before returning via the pulmonary vein
A 44 year old man has a traumatic leg amputation just below the knee. He is unresponsive; is breathing rapidly and shallowly; and has pale, cool, clammy skin. He is lying in a large pool of blood and the wound is bleeding profusely. To control this bleeding, you should:
A. Locate the femoral artery and apply pressure to it until the bleeding stops
B. Cover the wound with a trauma dressing and apply a proximal tourniquet
C. Apply an icepack to the wound to constrict the vessels and stop the bleeding.
D. Apply a pressure dressing and elevate the injured extremity at least 12 inches.
B. Cover the wound with a trauma dressing and apply a proximal tourniquet
An 85 year old female complains of chest pain. She has a history of renal failure. She receives hemodialysis and has an arterial-venous fistula in her left lower arm. When assessing her blood pressure, you should:
Place your Blood pressure cuff on her right bicep.
You have responded to a private residence for an unknown medical. When you arrive, your 64 year old male patient is doubled over on the toilet in obvious discomfort. There is a strong odor of feces and you notice diarrhea on the floor and toilet. The patient reaches out and touches you on the shoulder as he says "I am so sick. Please help me!" There is diarrhea on the patient's hand that is resting on your shoulder. What would be the most appropriate action to prevent further contamination?
Wash your hands, wash your uniform, and shower as soon as possible. Use hot water and soap when washing.