Patho Deep Dive
What is the primary mechanism of action of epinephrine in treating anaphylaxis?
(their are two)
Acts as a vasconstrictor & Bronchodilator
What is the first step in treating a PT with suspected anaphylaxis?
Administer epi
What is one common sign of an allergic reaction?
Hives or Itching
What is one special consideration for treating hypothermia in the field?
Handle PT carefully to avoid cardiac arrhythmias
PT’s vitals are BP 90/60 mmHg, HR 110 bpm, RR 24 breaths/min, and signs & symptoms are hives, wheezing, and swelling of the face.
Bonus 100 for treatments
What is anaphylaxis
Name two effects of diabetic ketoacidosis on the respiratory system.
You get two of them double points.
Kussmaul respirations & acetone breath
(provide both conscious and unconscious)
Administer oral glucose if conscious. If unconscious, administer IV dextrose or glucagon (ALS)
Name two signs of severe dehydration in a PT.
Dry mucous membranes and sunken eyes.
What is one consideration for treating a PT with a history of dialysis?
Check shunt for infection or clotting.
PT’s vitals are BP 80/50 mmHg, HR 130 bpm, RR 8 breaths/min, and signs & symptoms are pinpoint pupils, decreased respiratory effort, and unresponsiveness.
Bonus 100 for treatment
Narcotic OD
Clotting/infection
What is a key step in managing GI bleeding in the field?
Ensure airway protection and provide high-flow oxygen while preparing for rapid transport.
What is a key difference between anaphylaxis and mild allergic reaction?
(Multiple answers must get all)
Anaphylaxis involves (systemic symptoms like airway swelling or hypotension) mild allergic reaction is usually localized mild reaction
What is one sign of narcotic OD?
The more you give you get 100 points.
Lapses in consciousness Breathing problems Drowsiness Comatose appearance Pupil constriction Hallucinations Discolored skin tone Unresponsiveness or unconsciousness Slowed or stopped breathing Snoring or gurgling sounds Cold or clammy skin Discolored lips or fingernails Shallow breathing Pinpoint pupils Blue lips or fingernails (cyanosis)
PT’s vitals are BP 150/90 mmHg, HR 100 bpm, RR 30 breaths/min with deep and rapid pattern, and signs & symptoms are fruity breath odor and confusion.
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?)
How does sickle cell anemia lead to a vaso-occlusive crisis?
(30 sec question provide the most accurate answer for double points.)
Abnormal hemoglobin causes red blood cells to sickle, blocking blood flow and causing pain and tissue damage.
How do you treat a PT with a narcotic OD showing respiratory depression?
Narcan Narcan Narcan (Naloxone) & support Ventilation
What test can you perform to check a blood glucose level in a PT with an alter mental status.
Bonus if you give ranges 100
What is a therapeutic communication technique for a PT experiencing a behavioral emergency?
Give 3.
Calm tone, safe distance, and avoid confrontational body language.
PT’s vitals are BP 100/70 mmHg, HR 120 bpm, RR 20 breaths/min, and signs & symptoms are dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, and rapid weak pulse.
What is SEVERE dehydration?
Describe the pathophysiology of severe dehydration and it's impact on the cardiovascular system.
(30 sec time limit)
Loss of fluid volume leads to decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and potential shock.
What are two considerations for managing a patient with a suspected stroke in a psychiatric population?
Pg.747
Assess for stroke signs (FAST) and bonus if you get this manage agitation to ensure safety during transport.
What are two signs of meningitis that you should look for in a PT with altered mental status?
Bonus points if you use medical terminology 500.
Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) and a petechial rash
What are two considerations for managing a PT with a history of seizures?
Protect the PT from injury during seizure and protect ABC's
BP 100/70 mmHg, HR 110 bpm, RR 22 and signs and symptoms are swelling and pain at the affected area with nausea and difficulty breathing.
SSssSS
SNAKE BITE