Interconnectivity in the Brain
All functionally discrete and separate NS regions are connected either _____ or _____.
Directly, indirectly
Why is our CNS "central" to our NS?
To both generate and integrate signals needed for both receptive and expressive communication
____ levels of the NS perform more basic Fxs, whereas ____ levels of the NS perform more complex Fxs. (Higher/lower)
Lower, higher
Both sides of the CNS are structurally ______.
Mirrored; the same
Of the 3 primary neural fibers, what are projection fibers?
Vertical; connect the cortex (outer brain) to lower parts of the brain or the spinal cord and vice versa
What process is being demonstrated when a signal is brought into the CNS to make sense and integrate it?
Receptive communication
E.g., which structure would likely be more basic, just based on location/ function? Prefrontal cortex vs. brainstem
Brainstem
It is generally thought that both sides of the NS are what at birth?
Functionally the same
Of the 3 primary neural fibers, what are association fibers?
Intrahemispheric; connects different areas within the same hemisphere
What process is being demonstrated when information is generated and sent out from the CNS?
Expressive communication
E.g., which structure would likely be more basic, just based on location/ function? Spinal cord vs. the cortex
Spinal cord
Experience allows for certain functions to become associated with one _______ or the other.
Hemisphere
T/F: Only one area interacts for NS functions (e.g., language, memory, attention)
False; Multiple areas interact to perform various NS Fxs
The CNS _____ with our PNS to relay information both ways.
"collaborates"
E.g., which structure would likely be more complex, just based on location/ function? Limbic system vs. primary somatosensory cortex
Primary somatosensory cortex
The majority of somatosensory and motor fibers _______ the midline of the body, resulting in contralateral control.
Decussate
Of the 3 primary neural fibers, what are commissural fibers?
Interhemispheric; connects corresponding areas between the left and right hemispheres (example?)
Information going up into the NS is called ______ signaling, and information coming down from the NS is called ______ signaling.
sensory/ afferent, motor/ efferent
Structures at ____ levels of the NS perform more basic Fxs, whereas structures at ____ levels of the NS perform more complex Fxs. (deeper/more superficial)
Deeper, more superficial
T/F: Every system (e.g., speech motor system) has both ipsilateral and contralateral control from the CNS.
False; some systems only have ipsilateral or contralateral control