GI
What is the expected treatment of an infant diagnosed with rectal atresia?
surgical intervention
The inappropriate use of what medication can lead to Reye's syndrome?
Aspirin
Describe the Kernig's sign
the leg is flexed anteriorly to the hip, leg is then extended up. If pain in head increases, this is a positive sign of meningitis
What is the correct sequence of nursing actions when assessing the abdomen of a child?
inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
Do we expect hypotension or hypertension with acute glomerulonephritis?
hypERtension
under what percentile is a child diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT)?
5th percentile
Describe the pathophysiology of vesicoureteral reflex (VUR)?
urine backflows from the bladder to the ureters and possibly to the kidneys
What are the environmental changes to initiate with a child who has increased ICP?
decreasing external stimuli; dim lights; cluster care; low stimulation
What are the signs/symptoms of enuresis?
urgency/jiggling of legs; foul-smelling urine
What is important to assess for after a pyloromyotomy?
hydration status; pain control; initiation of feeds (6 hours post-op)
What are the diagnostics for a diagnosis of intussusception?
barium enema* + physical exam
Is sodium intake restricted with acute glomerulonephritis or with nephrotic syndrome?
AGN
What is the PRIORITY nursing action for a child suspected of bacterial meningitis?
IV antibiotics
Why do we use a Haberman bottle/nipple for a child with cleft lip or cleft palate?
the nipple is longer; therefore the child is at a decreased risk of aspiration with the use of this bottle/nipple
What happens to a patient who is experiencing hyperkalemia?
heart palpitations, SOB, chest pain, nausea, vomiting
Bonus point: priority nursing action for hyperkalemia?
Your child weighs 12kg. Calculate their daily fluid maintenance requirements.
1100mL
What is the role of calcitrol for the treatment of CKD?
replace the calcitrol that kidneys are no longer producing to keep calcium balance normal. TABLE 23-12
What are your cardinal signs of Cerebral Palsy?
muscle rigidity, muscle spasticity, poor control of posture, ataxia
In what position does the nurse place the patient post-operatively of a VP shunt placement?
flat, (or elevated 30 degrees), on the opposite side of the shunt placement
What are preventative measures to put in place to reduce TBIs?
use of seatbelts, and helmets, promotion of a safe environment, effective sporting equipment
Your school-aged patient weighs 22 kg. They had a total output of 988mL in 24 hours. Calculate their hourly output rate. Is this within the fluid maintenance requirements for this age group?
range: 22mL - 44mL/hr
988 / 24 = 41mL/hr
yes, this is within range
What are the metabolic complications of AKI?
hyperkalemia; hyponatremia; hypocalcemia; hyperphosphatemia; hypermagnesemia
metabolic acidosis
What is a priority nursing action of a child born with a myelomeningocele?
place the child prone; assess for signs of infection
What are prerenal causes of AKI?
dehydration; hemorrhage; sepsis; hypoalbuminemia; cardiac failure
bonus point: priority nursing action for prerenal AKI?
What are the signs and symptoms of Hirschsprung's Disease?
ribbon-like stools, failure to thrive, failure to pass meconium, vomiting, abdominal distention