Pediatric emergencies
When evaluating a child in an emergency situation, what are the 3 components of the assessment?
What are Airway, Breathing, and Circulation?
This is the most effective intervention to prevent nosocomial infection
What is handwashing?
This is frequently the first sign of a respiratory illness in infants and children
What is tachypnea?
This vital sign, which is not normally performed on infants and young children, is an important diagnostic tool when evaluating for congenital heart defects
What is blood pressure?
Infants and children have a proportionally greater amount of body water than adults, making them more at risk for this with GI illnesses
What is fluid loss/dehydration?
infants and small children are at risk for respiratory emergencies for this reason
What are smaller airways, lack of coordination making them susceptible to choking?
Scarlet fever is caused by this organism
What is group A streptococci (group A beta-hemolytic strep)?
Care of infants and children with viral respiratory infection focuses on this
What is comfort measures?
There are 4 categories of Congenital Heart Defects, name 2 of them
What are: disorders with increased pulmonary blood flow, disorders with decreased pulmonary blood flow, obstructive disorders, and mixed disorders
This disease is caused by a hypersensitivity to gluten
What is celiac disease?
This is defined as the inability for blood flow and oxygen to meet the metabolic demands of body tissues
What is shock?
Rubella, Rubeola, fifth disease and chickenpox are examples of this type of infection
What are viral examthems (rashes)
Care of the child with epiglottitis focus on this
What is maintaining a patent airway?
This heart defect involves a fetal circulatory structure that does not close after birth
What is the Patent Ductus Arteriosis (PDA)?
These two chronic conditions are known as inflammatory bowel diseases
What are ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease?
A nurse that is assessing a child after a traumatic injury needs to ask herself this question to identify the possibility of child abuse
Do the history, developmental age of the child, and type of injury match (or does the explanation fit the injury)?
This is a zoonotic infection of the CNS
What is Rabies?
This is defined as the collection of air in the pleural space
What is a pneumothorax?
This acquired heart condition can be seen in children and adolescents with increased body mass index and waist circumference
What is hypertension?
Obstructive uropathy places the child at risk for these infections
What are recurrent UTIs?
These medications can be given through an ETT
What are Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Atropine, and Naloxone?
A child with an infection is at risk for dehydration, 2 reasons for this are:
What are fever, diaphoresis, vomiting, and poor fluid intake?
These are the 2 goals of asthma treatment
What are avoiding asthma triggers and reducing/controlling inflammatory episodes?
The combination of these four heart defects is know as Tetralogy of Fallot
What are pulmonary stenosis, VSD, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy?
This procedure can be done using a Gomco or Mogan clamp or a Plastibell
What is a circumcision?