Acid-Base
Inadequate ventilation that results in an increase in CO2
Respiratory acidosis
Often seen with post-op patients; gradual onset; absent breath sounds; treatment is ventilation with PEEP.
Atelectasis
This stage of shock has decreased BP, decreased CO, tachypnea, and lactic acidosis, and is managed with vasopressors.
Progressive
Treatment for this starts off with a NS infusion paired with an insulin infusion. Nursing interventions include frequent lab monitoring for correction of metabolic acidosis.
DKA
The brain's way to adjust cerebral blood flow in response to metabolic needs.
Autoregulation
DKA; starvation; liver failure; diarrhea can all be risk factors for this.
Metabolic acidosis
Severe inflammatory process; hypoxemia not responsive to oxygenation; treatment is mechanical ventilation & proning.
ARDS
This rhythm is irregular and has a wavy baseline with no identifiable p waves.
A-fib
Nursing management of this condition involves fluid replacement, strict intake & output, and administration of desmopressin or vasopressin.
Diabetes Insipidus
Early signs include restlessness and increased drowsiness. Late signs include widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular respirations.
Increased ICP
This is within normal range when the ABG shows full compensation.
pH
Noninvasive positive pressure therapy treatment best for patients with increased CO2
BiPAP
While the initial treatment for a myocardial infarction is oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerin, and morphine, the end goal is restoring perfusion via this method.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or PCI
Gradual decline in function; diagnosis based on GFR, s/s fluid overload, HTN, pruritus, and elevated creatinine.
CKD
Intense sympathetic response to stimuli. Causes HTN, bradycardia, & headache. Condition resolves when cause is resolve.
Autonomic dysreflexia
pH 7.49, HCO3 18, PACO2 42
Metabolic alkalosis
Trapped air builds up causing respiratory distress and tracheal deviation. Treatment is with chest tube.
Tension pneumothorax
Life threatening condition with fluid build up around the heart often caused by chest trauma. Treatment is with needle decompression and thoracotomy.
Cardiac Tamponade
What Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis have in common and is usually treated with Aminosalicylates, Corticosteroids, and Immunomodulators.
Inflammation
Treatment of this involves administering a thrombolytic within 3 hours of last known well time after a CT scan shows no bleeding in brain.
Ischemic stroke
pH 7.42, PaCO2 30, HCO3 18
Fully compensated respiratory alkalosis
Hypoxemia & hypercapnia with acidosis; impairment with ventilation or perfusion; s/s restlessness & anxiety; treatment is to restore gas exchange with mechanical ventilation.
Acute Respiratory Failure
This rhythm is regular with difficult to see p waves if any, may be seen with cardiac ischemia or infarction. Treatment depends on whether or not there is a pulse.
Ventricular Tachycardia
Neurological complication with symptoms of headache, nausea, confusion, & restlessness that can result from rapid fluid shifts during dialysis that result in cerebral edema.
Disequilibrium Syndrome
Nursing care for this treatment involves frequent monitoring of electrolytes, intake & output, vital signs, and medications to reduce shivering.
Targeted temperature management