A&P: Structures
The dural fold that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum is the
Tentorium
Which lobe contains the motor strip?
Frontal
Patients with adequate blood supply around the borders of their infarct zone have good _________ circulation
Collateral circulation
Locked-in syndrome refers to a stroke in which area of the brain?
Pons
What does grey matter do?
Process information in the brain
It plays a key role in processing information, governing muscle control, sensory perception, and decision-making.
Which brainstem structure connects to the spinal cord and controls respiratory and heart rates?
Medulla oblongata
The postcentral gyrus is located in the
Parietal lobe
Which circulation syndrome (artery) would you think of for a patient who presents with acute right-sided weakness; that is, right facial droop, right arm = 2/5 strength, right leg = 4/5 strength?
MCA syndrome
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage is synonymous with
Intracerebral hemorrhage
What does white matter do?
Facilitate rapid transmission of neural signals. Its primary function is to connect different brain regions, enabling communication and coordination between them.
The _______________ is the relay station between the cerebral cortex and the brainstem.
Thalamus
Someone who cannot understand what is said to them has had an infarct of the _________ lobe
Temporal lobe
Which of these is not part of the circle of Willis?
Middle cerebral arteries
Internal carotid arteries
Posterior communicating arteries
Posterior cerebral arteries
1. Middle Cerebral Arteries
A stroke between two adjacent cerebral arteries is known as a/an
Watershed infarct
Which of the following best describes the cerebral cortex?
Folds of gray matter playing an important role in consciousness
Folds of white matter playing an important role in consciousness
Tracts of white matter playing an important role in autonomic function
Tracts of gray matter playing an important role in motor function
1. Folds of gray matter playing an important role in consciousness
The diencephalon refers to which 3 structures?
Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland
Your patient with an anterior cerebral artery territory stroke is acting “frontal”. What is the patient doing?
1. Having trouble hearing
2. Exhibiting left arm weakness
3. Behaving inappropriately
4. Seeing double
3. Behaving Inappropriately
Arteriovenous malformation (AVMs) can result in an hemorrhagic stroke. This is due to which of the following reasons?
Arteries and veins connecting directly rather than the usual route of arteries to arterioles, to capillaries, to venules, to veins
Name the condition that is related to a hypercoagulable state but can present as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and is treated with heparinization.
Venous sinus thrombosis
The innermost meningeal layer that fits the brain like a latex glove fits the hand is the
Pia mater
Diagram that depicts what body parts are controlled by the motor/sensory strips
What is the Homunculus
You are an emergency department (ED) nurse whose patient presented with staggering gait and slurred speech. The patient denies having been drinking and the alcohol level is normal, but the CT scan is positive for an infarct in the _______ lobe/part of brain
Cerebellum
Which statement is true?
The vertebral arteries connect the subclavian arteries and the posterior brain
The basilar arteries connect the common carotids with the circle of Willis
The posterior cerebral arteries connect to the cerebellum via the posterior inferior cerebellar artery
The cerebellar arteries connect the vertebral arteries to the spinal cord
1. The vertebral arteries connect the subclavian arteries and the posterior brain
Ondine’s Curse refers to a syndrome characterized by cessation of respiration during sleep owing to failure of the automatic respiratory center in the
Medulla oblongata
Describe the Corpus Callosum
A band of white matter fibers that facilitates communication between the left and right hemispheres