Blood and Lymph Basics
1. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
2. What IV fluid can be hung with blood transfusion?
3. One Unit of Blood can increase Hbg by ___g.
1. To carry oxygen using hemoglobin
2. 0.9 % NS
3. 1 g
1. What is anemia?
2. What are 3 blood cell counts that distinguish aplastic anemia from all other anemias?
1. A deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin
2. RBC, WBC, & PLTs are all LOW!
The patient with AIDS is at high risk for opportunistic infections because of:
a. altered skin integrity
b. increased HIV antibodies
c. decreased CD4 cells
d. fatigue
What is decreased CD4 cells?
What is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
Immediate allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis)
What virus causes AIDS?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
What fluid transports immune cells and removes waste?
Lymph
1. Which type of anemia involves sickle-shaped cells?
2. What are some symptoms of pernicious anemia?
3. What drug stimulates production of Hbg that is resistant to sickling?
1. Sickle cell anemia
2. What are fatigue, eakness, pllaor, paresthesia of hands and feet, and sore tongue.
3. hydroxyurea (Droxia)
What is cell-mediated immunity controlled by?
T cells
When a patient has an abnormally low number of neutrophils and has a increased potential for infection, what condition occurs?
a. leukemia
b. neutropenia
c. HIV
d. herpes simplex
What is neutropenia?
What are the main modes of HIV transmission?
Blood, sexual contact, perinatal
Name one major diagnostic test used for hematologic disorders.
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
1. What condition involves overproduction of RBCs?
2. What are some symptoms of this disorder?
3. What treatment may be done for this disorder?
1. Polycythemia Vera
2. Hepatomegaly, Tinnitus, H/A
3. Phlebotomizing one unit of blood
What are antibodies also called?
Immunoglobulins
What disorder causes the immune system to attack RBCs?
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
What is the purpose of antiretroviral therapy (ART)?
To suppress viral replication and improve immune function
1. What is a key therapeutic measure for low RBC count?
2. A pt. is having circulatory overload after 3rd unit of blood. The LPN should anticipate orders for what?
1. Blood transfusion
2. What is: MS, furosemide, O2
1. What is a major nursing priority in hemorrhagic disorders?
2. What assessment finding is contraindicated for erythropoietin in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia?
a. tachycardia
b. dyspnea
c. uncontrolled hyertension
d. weakness
1. Prevent injury and monitor for bleeding
2. uncontrolled hyertension
What is active immunity?
Immunity developed from infection or vaccination
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Chronic autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs
What immune disease has classic butterfly rash?
What is SLE?
What are two nursing assessments for hematologic function?
Fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, bleeding tendencies
1. What TEST best quantifies the amount of iron stored in the body?
a. transferrin
b. serum iron
c. total iron binding capacity
d. ferritin
2. WHAT OCCURS IN STAGE 1 OF HEMOSTASIS WHEN A BLOOD VESSEL IS INJURED?
Chapter 29 p. 553
1. What is ferritin?
2. Platelet release platelet factors
What is a monoclonal antibody used for?
Targeted therapy against specific antigens (e.g., cancer, autoimmune diseases)
What are signs of anaphylaxis?
Airway swelling, hypotension, hives, dyspnea
1. What is a nursing priority when caring for a client with HIV/AIDS?
2. What type of skin cancer is associated with AIDS?
1. Prevent infection, provide emotional support, and promote medication adherence
2. Kaposi sarcoma