Nuclear Chemistry Review

Atomic Structure

100

Which subatomic particles have a mass of 1 amu?

Protons and neutrons

200

What is the mass number of an atom that has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 9 neutrons?

17 amu

300

What is the charge on the nucleus of a barium atom?

+56

400

How many neutrons does an atom of Cl-37 have?

20 neutrons

500

How many electrons does Ca⁺² have?

18 electrons

Atomic Models

100

Who theorized that atoms are small, indivisible spheres?

John Dalton

200

What is one discovery of Rutherford's gold foil experiment?

-atoms are mostly empty space

-atoms contain a small, dense, positively charged nucleus

300

Which subatomic particle was discovered by the cathode ray experiment?

The electron

400

Which discovery occurred first?

a. Electrons have wave like qualities and are located in orbitals.

b. Atoms contain small, negatively charged particles.

a. Electrons have wave like qualities and are located in orbitals.

500

Describe one difference between the Bohr model of the atom and the wave mechanical model of the atom.

Bohr model: electrons orbit the nucleus in shells

Wave mechanical model: electrons are located in orbitals (electron cloud)

Atomic Mass and Isotopes

100

Fill in the blanks:

Isotopes have the same ______ and different ______.

-same (atomic number or number of protons)

-different (mass number or number of neutrons)

200

Which notations represent isotopes of neon?

a. ₁₀²⁰Ne and ₁₀²⁰Ne

b. ₉²¹Ne and ₁₀²⁰Ne

c. ₁₀²⁰Ne and ₁₀²¹Ne

d. ₉²⁰Ne and ₁₀²⁰Ne

c. ₁₀²⁰Ne and ₁₀²¹Ne

300

If the average atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0067, then what is the most abundant isotope of nitrogen?

Nitrogen-14

400

Calculate the atomic mass of lithium to the nearest hundredth place based on the following isotopes and their percent abundance.

Li-7 92.41%

Li-6 7.59%

6.92 amu

500

Cl-35: 75.77%, Cl-37-24.23%

Which answer choice shows the correct numerical set up for determining the atomic mass of chlorine?

a. (35 u)(75.77) + (37 u)(24.23)

b. (35 u)(0.7577) + (37 u)(0.2423)

c. (35 u)(0.2423) + (37 u)(0.7577)

d. (35 u)(24.23) + (37 u)(75.77)

b. (35 u)(0.7577) + (37 u)(0.2423)

Mystery...

100

How does the number of neutrons differ between the isotopes Cl-37 and Cl-35?

Cl-37 has two more neutrons

200

What is the charge of an ion that has 7 protons and 10 electrons?

-3

300

What is one discovery from the Bohr model of the atom?

Atoms are located in shells which orbit the nucleus.

400

Calculate the average atomic mass of potassium to the nearest hundredth place.

K-39: 93.26%

K-40: 0.01%

K-41: 6.73%

39.13 amu