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Miscellaneous
Nuclear Reactions
Half-Life
Fission
Fusion
100
part of the atom involved in a normal chemical reaction
What is an electron
100
Which nuclides are produced when a nuclide decays?
Daughter nuclides
100
How many half-lives are required for three-fourth of the nuclei of one isotope in a sample to decay?
two
100
What is fission?
a nuclear reaction that invlolves the splitting of a heavy nucleus into a lighter nucleus.
100
What is fusion?
Two smaller nuclei combining to form a larger nucleus, releasing tremendous amounts of energy. Type of reaction that occurs in the stars.
200
Part of the atom involved in a nuclear reaction.
nucleus
200
Three types of nuclear radiation
alpha, beta, gamma
200
Thorium-234 has a half-life of 24 days, started with 100 g how much is left after 48 days?
What is 25 grams
200
The elements used in the atomic bomb
What is alpha, beta, and gamma
200
Why isn't fusion used in power plants?
required temperatures are too high
300
What is mass defect of a nuclide?
Binding energy
300
Which statement does NOT describe fission? a) A neutron starts the process b) Several neutrons are emitted c) Stable, lightweight nuclei start the process d) A heavy nucleus splits into several medium-weight nuclei
c
300
Plutonium-239 is 24,110 years how much of 100 g remains after 96,400 years?
What is 6.25 grams
300
Least penetrating form of radiation
What is an alpha particle
300
Name of uranium bomb
little boy
400
What is half-life of an isotope?
Time required for half the nuclei in a sample to undergo radioactive decay
400
Which of the radioactive decay processes does not reduce the atomic number of a nuclide?
gamma
400
Radium-266 has a half life of 1599 years, how much of 15.0 mg is left after 6369 years.
What is 0.94 mg
400
What type of reaction does fission lead to?
chain reaction
400
What are the downsides of using fission as an energy source?
nuclear waste; danger of out-of-control chain reaction
500
Compare and contrast fission and fusion.
both release high amounts of energy; both are nuclear reactions (involve the nucleus); fission is "splitting" a nucleus, fusion is combining 2 smaller nuclei; fission happens in nuclear power plants and atomic bombs, fusion is only observed on the sun.
500
What % of the U.S. energy is gotten from nuclear power?
Around 20%
500
Thorium-227 is 16 days, how many days are required for three-fourths to decay?
What is 32 days
500
When can mass be converted to energy?
Only during a nuclear reaction
500
Productive uses for nuclear chemistry
What are medicine, energy, food irradiation