Islands
History
Tomb
Environmental Impacts
100
What is an Atoll?
a) Word used to describe the Ethnicity of people that live on the Marshall Islands
b) Long stretch of Island in an ocean
c) Island, shaped in the form of a ring
d) A type of an animal found in the Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands are made up of 29 atolls.
100
Between what years did the United States explode nuclear weapons in the Marshall Islands?
a) 1940-1950
b) 1946-1958
c) 1952-1965
d) 1960-1970
b, from 1946-1958 the United States detonated 67 nuclear weapons on Bikini and Enewetak Atolls in the Marshall Islands.
100
What is another name for “the tomb”?
a) the grave
b) the cell
c) the dome
d) the brick
c, another name for “the tomb” is the runit dome, or the dome.
100
What element contaminated the fruit on the Marshall Islands?
a) Cesium
b) Hydrogen
c) Americium
d) Bismuth
a) Cesium-137
200
Where are the Marshall Islands located?
a) Near Florida
b) The Atlantic Ocean
c) The Pacific Ocean
d) India
c) The Marshall Islands are located in the Pacific Ocean Northeast of Australia, Southwest of Hawaii
200
What was the first testing series in the Marshall Islands?
a) Operation Ivy
b) Operation Crossroads
c) Operation Hardtack
d) Operation Greenhouse
The first testing series in the Marshall Islands occurred under Operation Crossroads. The purpose of Operation Crossroads was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on naval warships.
200
What is the purpose of the tomb?
a) to hold nuclear waste
b) to hold garbage
c) to cover radioactive soil
d) to hold water
c, the tomb is cement that covers 3.1 million cubic feet of radioactive soil on one of the atolls.
200
What were the top 3 elements found on the Marshall Islands with the highest level of radiation?
a) Hydrogen, Helium & Americium
b) Plutonium, Americium & Bismuth
c) Plutonium, Hydrogen & Bismuth
d) Oxygen, Radon & Americium
b) Plutonium 239 & 240, Americium 241 & Bismuth 207
300
What Atolls were affected from the nuclear testing on Marshall Islands?
Choose any that apply-
a) Rongelap
b) Utirik
c) Bikini & Enewetak
d) Maui & Hawaii
a & b) Rongelap and Utirik Atolls were, as most of the testing was done on Bikini and Enewetak
"measurements of external gamma radiation on 9 islands in 4 atolls in the northern Marshall Islands, all of which were affected by the US nuclear testing program from 1946 to 1958 (Enjebi, Ikuren, and Japtan in Enewetak Atoll; Bikini and Enyu in Bikini Atoll; Naen in Rongelap Atoll; and Aon, Elluk, and Utirik in Utirik Atoll)"
300
What was the last testing series conducted on Marshall Islands?
a) Operation Ivy
b) Operation Crossroads
c) Operation Hardtack
d) Operation Greenhouse
c, Hardtack I was the last testing series conducted on the Marshall Islands. This was the 6th largest U.S. nuclear test. Hardtack I included 35 total tests.
300
When was the tomb built?
a) 1950
b) 1956
c) 1968
d) 1977
d, the tomb was built in 1977 as a temporary measure to contain some of the leftover radioactive material from the bomb explosions.
300
What could these elements poison in the future?
a) Sand
b) The Ocean
c) Coral
d) Ava
b & c)The oceans ecosystems for 100s of years and the growth of coral.
400
How big is the Marshall Islands? (Square miles)
a) 6 miles
b) 100 miles
c) 180,000 miles
d) 5,000 miles
c) The Atolls in the Marshall Islands are anywhere from 100-800 miles apart stretching over 180,000 square miles. The biggest atoll is 6 miles; Kwajalein.
400
What president made the decision to increase U.S. research into thermonuclear weapons?
a) President John F. Kennedy
b) President Dwight D. Eisenhower
c) President Harry S. Truman
d) President Franklin D. Roosevelt
c, in January of 1950, President Truman made the decision to increase U.S. research into thermonuclear weapons, which would lead to further U.S. nuclear testing.
400
What is the sanctuary above the tomb made out of?
a) radiodurans
b) radioactive chemical
c) thick cement
d) sheets of metal
a, its outer skin is made from radiodurans (radiation resistant bacteria), the protein subunits are arranged in a hexagonal shape used for support and protection.
400
What are the health concerns from the radioactive testing on the Islands?
a) Cancer
b) Thyroid Nodules
c) Burns
d) Birth defects
All answers are correct!) Numerous people on the Marshall Islands have developed cancerous thyroid nodules years after the testing and some may have birth defects, burns and cancer. Link.
““Five hours after detonation, it began to rain radioactive fallout at Rongelap. The atoll was covered with a fine, white, powder- like substance. No one knew it was radioactive fallout. The children played in the ‘snow.’ They ate it.””
500
What is the name for people native to the Marshall Islands?
a) Marshallese, Micronesians
b) Indonesians
c) Native Marshall Islands
d) Hawaii
a) Marshallese, Micronesians
500
What did the U.S. start expanding rapidly?
a) their land
b) their military
c) their nuclear research
d) their government
c, during the post World War ll period the US expanded their nuclear research. Fear of the Soviet Union increasing their atomic weapons and belief that building up nuclear arms could help establish US power contributed to this rapid expansion.
500
What are deinococcus radiodurans? (2 answers)
a) extremophillic bacterium
b) a type of bug
c) bacterium
d) a type of disease
a and c, Deinococcus radiodurans is an extremophilic bacterium and one of the most radiation-resistant organisms known. It has been listed as the world's toughest known bacterium in The Guinness Book Of World Records.
500
Are the Marshall Islands still safe to live on?
Citizens from the Rongelap and Bikini atolls are not able to live back at home due to the lasting effects of the radioactive testing.
However Utirik and Enewetak have people that still live on the atolls.