Cat 1
What are the two types of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose.
What is the basic unit (monomer) of nucleic acids?
Nucleotide.
Which enzyme is responsible for copying DNA into mRNA during transcription?
RNA polymerase.
What is protein synthesis?
The process of producing a protein
What are the four bases found in DNA?
Adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
What sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose.
What three components make up a nucleotide?
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What is the name of the three-base sequence on tRNA?
Anticodon.
Where is tRNA Located?
Cytoplasm
What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?
mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome.
Which base in RNA replaces thymine
Uracil (U).
What structure in the cell is the site of protein synthesis?
Ribosome.
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
Hydrogen bonds.
Which type of RNA is responsible for joining amino acids into a chain
rRNA
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
tRNA brings specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches its anticodon to the codon on mRNA.
What is the name of the process where DNA is copied into mRNA?
Transcription.
What is a codon?
A sequence of three bases on mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
What is the general name for the building blocks of proteins?
Amino acids.
What does helicase do?
Breaks down hydrogen bonds
Where do transcription and translation occur in the cell?
What is the name of the process where mRNA is used to build a protein?
Translation.
What type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?
Peptide bond.
How many different amino acids are commonly found in proteins?
20.
What forms the complimentary strand?
mRNA