Nucleic Acids
Types of nucleic acids
What is DNA and RNA?
Shape that DNA strands form
What is a double helix?
Nitrogenous base that always pairs with guanine
What is cytosine?
Single unit of nucleic acids
What are nucleotide monomers?
DNA and RNA stands for...
What is deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid?
Function of nitrogenous bases
Storing genetic information, forms genetic code for protein synthesis and determining traits
Three components of a nucleotide
What are phosphate groups, five-carbon (pentose) sugars, and nitrogenous bases
The difference in the shape of strands of DNA vs. RNA
Two long strands form a double helix vs. short, single strands
Nitrogenous base that pairs differently in DNA and RNA
What is adenine?
(A-T in DNA vs. A-U in RNA)
Components of the backbone of a strand of nucleic acid
Pentose sugars and phosphates
Bonds that hold the nitrogenous bases of DNA together
What are hydrogen bonds?
List all nitrogenous bases and distinguish which one of two types they are
Pyrimidines: cytosine, uracil, thymine
Purines: adenine, guanine
The type of reaction that occurs between the bond of two monomers in a strand of a nucleic acid
What is dehydration synthesis/condensation reaction?
Functions and locations of both DNA and RNA
DNA: Contains the genetic information of an organism that gets decoded into amino acid sequences, located in the nucleus
RNA: Helps synthesize proteins using amino acid sequences from DNA, leaves the nucleus and enters cytoplasm
Identify the nitrogenous base that has a methyl (CH3) group attatched to its carbon 5 position
What is thymine?