Griffith
In the Griffith experiment, what are the properties of S-strain
Smooth (S) à Virulent
Virulent means it can infect a host and cause disease
Has a capsule with a polysaccharide coat
What do enzymes do and how do we identify them using medical terminology?
Speed up a reaction, -ase
What is the monomer of DNA
nucleotide
Which way can nucleotides be added? How are they synthesized in replication?
Added on 3' in the 5'--> 3' direction
When does DNA replication occur?
S-phase
In the Griffith experiment, what are the properties of the R-strain
Innocuous
Innocuous means not harmful
Lacks a capsule
What two strains of bacteria did they use for each experiment?
Heat killed S-strain and live R-strain
What is a nucleic acid
polymer composed of nucleotides
What type of bonds make the backbone of DNA? What bonds connect the bases? Draw them
phosphodiester, hydrogen
Meselson and Stahl discovered DNA is...
semiconservative
What happened when a live S-strain was used? Live R-strain? Heat killed S-strain? Heat killed S-strain and R-strain?
Mouse: dies, lives, lives, dies
What does a T2 bacteriophage contain? How did they use this in the experiment of Hershey and Chase?
A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria
Contains a DNA core and an outer-protein coat (capsid)
DNA core = radioactive phosphorous
Protein = radioactive sulfur
What carbon is the nitrogenous base on
1'
How many H-bonds are between A and T? How many bonds are between C ang G? Draw
2, 3
Draw the origin of replication, replication forks, and 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand. Describe their purpose
Student drawn response
What trait was passed on and what term was coined?
The polysaccharide coat and transformation
What did they find in the cells in Hershey and Chase?
Radioactive phosphorous isotope
What carbon is the Hydroxyl group on?
3'
Use Chargaffs' rule to determine the % composition for each base if guanine= 30%. Which are the purines and which are the pyrimidines
G=30 C=30 A=20 T=20
Purine = guanine, adenine
Pyrimidine = Cytosine Thymine
Draw and explain helicase, SSBs, DNA gyrase
Student response
Avery, Macleod, and McCarty used the Griffith experiment to find what?
Transformation factor. If it was RNA, DNA, protein
DNA is the carrier of genetic information
What carbon is the pentose sugar on? Draw the full nucleotide
5'
Watson and Crick developed the double helix because this person took the photo
Rosalind Franklin
Use one half of the origin of replication to draw and explain direction of replication, lagging and leading, DNA polymerase 3 and 1, primase, ligase, and Okazaki fragments
student response