Nucleic Acids
Enzymes
DNA
RNA
Pictures
100
Name the 2 major types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
100
This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix at the replication fork by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases?
Helicase
100
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
100
Which pentose sugar is within an RNA nucleotide?
Ribose
100
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
200
Name the 3 pyrimidines.
Cytosine, Thymine, & Uracil
200
This enzyme places down small pieces of RNA primers to serve at starting points for copying DNA.
Primase
200
DNA is synthesized in which direction? DNA is read in which direction?
Synthesized: 5' to 3'
Read: 3' to 5'
200
Instead of thymine, adenine binds to this base in RNA.
Uracil
200
Which pentose sugar is this?
Deoxyribose
300
Contains a pentose sugar and nitrogenous base.
Nucleoside
300
This enzyme binds nicks in DNA during synthesis and repair.
Ligase
300
Name the 2 purines.
Adenine and Guanine
300
This process of using DNA to produce complementary RNA molecules.
Transcription
300
DNA is coiled into these.
Chromosomes
400
Which part of a nucleotide is responsible for the unique genetic sequence?
Nitrogenous base
400
This enzyme breaks and rejoins the DNA double helix to relieve twisting forces caused by the opening of the helix.
Topoisomerase
400
What kind of bonds form between strands of DNA? How many bonds between adenine and thymine? What about cytosine and guanine?
Hydrogen bonds
A & T: 2 hydrogen bonds
C & G: 3 hydrogen bonds
400
The "inactive/noncoding" sequences of RNA that are removed during RNA splicing.
Introns
400
The backbone of DNA consists of these 2 components?
Sugar & Phosphate
500
What are the functions of nucleic acids?
Store, transmit, and express genetic information in all living organisms and viruses.
500
This enzyme removes RNA primers and replaces the gaps between Okazaki fragments with correct nucleotides and repairs mismatched bases.
DNA Polymerase I
500
DNA replication is this, where each strand of a DNA parent molecule is a template for the synthesis of its complementary strand.
Semiconservative
500
Which type of RNA carries instructions of polypeptide synthesis from the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm?
mRNA
500
Proteins are synthesized in these organelles, consisting of 2 subunits.
Ribosomes