China
Cold War (1945-1979)
Cold War (1979-1990)
Throwback
Vocabulary
100
He was selected as China’s first Communist in 1949
Mao Zedong
100
This U.S. Cold War strategy aimed to stop the spread of communism by providing aid to countries threatened by Soviet influence and forming military alliances.
Containment
100
This 19th-century thinker wrote The Communist Manifesto and argued that history is shaped by class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.
Karl Marx
100
The surprise attack by the Japanese Empire in 1941 led to U.S. involvement in World War II.
Pearl Harbor
100
This Cold War idea argued that if one country in a region fell to communism, neighboring countries would also fall like a row of falling tiles.
Domino Theory
200
Protests where the Chinese peacefully demanded democratic reforms (changes)- They wanted more rights and a say in government.
Tiananmen Square
200
The United States and Soviet Union competed to build up the largest supply of nuclear weapons.
Arms Race
200
A period of peace / reduced tensions between two groups that were previously at war, or hostile to each other (Between 1969 and 1979). That ended in 1979 when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan.
Detente
200
These 19th-century conflicts between China and Britain began after disputes over the trade of illegal substances and resulted in unequal treaties that weakened Chinese sovereignty (self rule).
Opium Wars (1839-1842)
200
Identify 2 areas of focus for Deng Xiaoping’s 4 Modernization
Agriculture (increase production)
Business (Allow some private ownership)
Education (invest in technology, education)
Defense (Military and Nuclear power)
300
This was the attempt by Mao to modernize (update) the industrial (factory) and agricultural (farm) production of China.
What was the Great Leap Forward?
The Great Leap Forward
300
What is the SALT I Treaty, signed during détente in (1969-1979) under U.S. President Richard Nixon and Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev?
The Cold War agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union aimed to limit the number of nuclear weapons each side could produce and was part of a broader effort to reduce tensions.
300
These conflicts during the Cold War involved the United States and the Soviet Union supporting opposing sides in third-party countries rather than fighting each other directly.
What are proxy wars, such as those in Korea and Vietnam?
300
Stalin tried to modernize (update) the industry (factories) and agriculture (farms) of the Soviet Union by setting economic goals every five years. What was this program called
5 Year Plans
300
Similar to Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong forced peasants into large government run farms called C___. Can you also give me the name of this policy?
Collectives/ Collectivization
400
This was a period in China where Mao used violent young Communist soldiers (known as Red Guards) to eliminate all of the opposition (enemies) that he had within China.
The Cultural Revolution
400
This structure was erected by Joseph Stalin to prevent people from East Berlin (controlled by Communist) to migrate to West Berlin (controlled by Capitalists)
Berlin Wall
400
This U.S president (1981-1989) adopted a more aggressive stance against communism. Preferred Confrontation over Containment.
Ronald Reagan
400
What is the Treaty of Nanjing, one of the first unequal treaties imposed on China during the Century of Humiliation?
This 1842 agreement ended a major conflict between China and Britain and forced China to open its ports to trade, pay reparations, divide China into Spheres of Influence, and cede (give up) territory such as Hong Kong.
400
This U.S. president helped shape early Cold War policy by committing the United States to containing communism, including support for Europe in economic packages such as the T____ Doctrine and Marshall Plan.
Harry Truman
500
One leader launched the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution to enforce communist ideology, while the other introduced capitalism reforms and The Four Modernizations (Agriculture, Education, Business, and Defense) to modernize China’s economy.
Who are Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping?
500
This 1962 Cold War confrontation brought the United States and the Soviet Union closest to nuclear war after missiles were secretly placed on this island nation in the Caribbean.
The Cuban Missile Crisis
500
One reform focused on economic restructuring (allowing some private ownership) to improve efficiency, while the other encouraged openness (more freedom of speech) in government and freer discussion of political issues. They were introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the late 1980s.
What are Perestroika and Glasnost
500
This 1900 uprising in China targeted foreign influence and Christian missionaries but was ultimately crushed by an international coalition of foreign powers.
The Boxer Rebellion, resistance to foreign control in China.
500
This term describes the period from the mid-1800s to the mid-1900s when China suffered foreign intervention, unequal treaties, and loss of territory to Western powers and Japan.
What is the Century of Humiliation, a key historical experience later used to justify Chinese nationalism under leaders like Mao Zedong?