Ethical Principles
Lab Values
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OH NO ACRONYMS & Abbreviations
Meds Part 1
100
Nonmaleficence
the commitment to cause to harm
100
Glucose
74-106
100
What is an Isolation precaution?
A technique used to prevent or limit the spread of infection
100
What are collaborative interventions?
Require a primary care providers order, implemented for;
-Tests
-Medications
-Treatments
100
What is this picture showing?
Shearing force, semi fowlers or lower causes the least amount of shearing.
100
What are some Transmission based precautions?
Airborne
Droplet
Contact
100
Wha is hypoxemia?
low levels of oxygen in the blood
Early S/S = restlessness, tachypnea, and tachycardia
Later S/S = confusion, advanced accessory muscle use, cyanosis
100
"Don't rub on the 'HIL'"
What does "HIL" stand for?
H- heparin
I - insulin
L- low density heparin
100
What time of day should diuretics be given?
The morning, diuretics cause the client to void frequently so this would prevent the sleep disruption that the client would get from taking them at night.
200
Veracity
honesty and avoiding deception
200
Specific Gravity
1.001 - 1.040
200
What are the effects of heat on the body?
-vasodilation
-increases blood flow
-brings oxygen and antibodies to the area
-excessive vasodilation
-decreased blood pressure
-increased pulse and causes sweating
200
What can be done to help a client thin secretions?
-encourage fluids
-combination of incentive spirometer and acapella
200
What is a wet to dry dressing do?
-allows the wound to be debrided
-helps to remove dead tissue and drainage
-it does provide some protection but thats not its primary use
200
When taking an oral temperature, where does the thermometer go?
The posterior sublingual pocket
200
About how many Liters Per Min is this?
5 LPM
200
What is SBAR
S: situation
B: Background
A: Assessment
R: Reccomendation/Request
200
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) and Cascara belong to what type of laxative
Chemical Stimulants
300
Beneficence
Doing good promoting good
300
BUN
8-21
300
What are nonspecific natural defenses?
Occurs when tissue integrity is disrupted, causes an inflammatory response or fever.
300
What is Secondary intention?
requires a granulation tissue matrix to be built to fill the wound defect.
-this requires more time and energy and creates scar tissue
-EX. pressure injury
300
Why do fat soluble vitamins cause potential for toxicity?
they have the ability to be stored in the body for a long time.
300
What is subjective and objective data?
Subjective Data - said information
Objective data - observed data, vitals and labs.
300
What should be done to an infiltrated IV?
IV should be removed and the extremity should be elevated.
-IV should be placed in opposite arm
300
What is the DASH diet?
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
300
Name some types of laxatives
Chemical stimulants = chemically irritate the lining of the GI tract
Bulk stimulants = cause the fecal matter to increase in bulk
Lubricants = helps the intestinal contents move more smoothly
400
What is the difference between Race and Ethnicity?
Race = biologic characteristics like social status
Ethnicity = social characteristics like language, religion, shared beliefs, as markers of cultural identity.
400
Potassium
3.5-5
400
What factors affect oral temperature measurements?
-oxygen
-intake of hot and cold foods/liquids
-eating, drinking, smoking exercise.-wait 10-30 min after eating, drinking, smoking, exercise
400
Why is primary hypertension called the "silent killer"?
an individual may be asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs and then they become symptomatic.
400
What is epithelialization?
When basal cells meet and the layers of the epidermis begin to slowly differentiate, and the epidermis is regenerated
-is passive and even malnourished clients develop epithelium
-new epithelium has the appearance of pink pearls in the wound bed
400
Signs and Symptoms of infiltration?
swelling, cool to the touch, pain at the site or proximal to it.
400
What is hypovolemia?
Fluid Volume Deficit
S/S = decreased urine production, electrolyte imbalance, decreased BP, increased HR, increased respirations, and poor skin turgor.
400
What Acronym is used for the Nursing Process?
ADPIE
Assessment
Dignosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
400
Magnesium sulfate and lactulose belong to which class of laxatives?
Osmotic Laxatives
500
Fidelity
The fulfillment of promises
500
Creatinine
0.6 - 1.5 for men
0.6 - 1.1 for women
500
What is granulation?
an active process that fills the wound with new tissue, pink and red in color, smooth and velvety texture
-becomes a scar
500
What is the normal range for Phosphorus?
3-4.5
500
what is the normal range for chloride
98-106
500
What are independent nursing interventions?
Developed by the nurse, includes primary care, teaching, counseling, and referrals
500
What is the normal range for Magnesium?
1.3-2
500
"CUUS"
CUUS words are an interprofessional discussion tool to discuss safety concerns.
I am...
Concerned
Uncomfortable
Unsafe
Stop
500
Psyllium (Metamucil) belongs to which drug class?
Bulk stimulants
600
Justice
fairness in care deliver and use of resources
600
RBCs
4.5-5.3 for male
4.1-5.1 for women
600
What is Hypervolemia?
Fluid volume excess
S/S = increased daily weight, decreased urine output, increased BP, CVP, Jugular vein distention, SOB, taught shiny skin, and edema.
600
Where does the catheter tip terminate in a peripheral IV
at or below the axillary vein
600
How often should an incentive spirometer be used?
several times an hour while the client is awake
600
What does the Glasgow coma scale measure?
Measures eye opening response, verbal response, and best motor response.
600
What is infiltration?
the inadvertent leakage of fluid outside of the vein and into tissues.
600
SMART stands for?
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timed
600
What Medications increase the risk of hypokalemia?
-Thiazide diuretics
-Loop diuretics
700
Autonomy
right to make personal decisions
700
pH
7.35 - 7.45
700
What is the difference between standard precautions and transmission based precautions?
Standard precautions = used for all patients to protect personnel against blood and body fluid
Transmission based precautions = used to protect against the spread of highly transmissible or epidemiologically significant pathogens in the patients with documented or suspected infection.
700
Why do fall risks increase with both hypervolemia and hypovolemia?
-Too much fluid can cause swelling and heavy legs, crackles, and difficulty breathing
-Inadequate fluids can cause low bp, dizziness, weakness, and hypoxemia.
700
Name the fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
700
As a professional registered nurse you need to review your feelings about what regarding the client?
-Age
-Diagnosis
-Cultural Considerations
-Previous Interactions
700
What are the 5 rights of delegation?
Right;
-circumstance
-task
-person
-direction and communication
-supervision and evaluation
700
PES is an acronym for what?
Problem, Etiology, and Symptoms
for a 3 part nursing diagnosis
700
What medications can increase the risk of hyperkalemia?
-ARBS
-Potassium Sparing Diuretics
-ACE inhibitors