Cardiac Meds MOAs
Inhibits the Na+/K+ pump which cause an increase in intracellular Na+ that results in an influx of Ca+ to the heart.
Cardiac Glycoside
The nurse is preparing to administer a beta blocker to the client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which assessment data would cause the nurse to question administering the medication?
1. The client has a BP of 110/70.
2. The client has an apical pulse of 56.
3. The client is complaining of a headache.
4. The client’s potassium level is 4.5 mEq/L
The client diagnosed with asthma is admitted to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and a blue color around the mouth. Which diagnostic test will be ordered to determine the status of the client?
1. Complete blood count.
2. Pulmonary function test.
3. Allergy skin testing.
4. Drug cortisol level.
The nurse is assessing the client diagnosed with COPD. Which data require immediate intervention by the nurse?
1. Large amounts of thick white sputum.
2. Oxygen flowmeter set on eight (8) liters.
3. Use of accessory muscles during inspiration.
4. Presence of a barrel chest and dyspnea.
The female client diagnosed with CHF tells the nurse that she has been taking hawthorn extract since the HCP told her that she had heart problems. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
1. “You need to take garlic supplements with hawthorn for it to be effective.”
2. “You should stop taking this herb immediately because it can cause more problems.”
3. “This herb can cause bleeding if you take it with your other medications.”
4. “Some clients fi nd this is helpful, but make sure your HCP is aware of the medication.”
What does BAM stand for?
Bronchodilators
Anticholinergics
Methylphyllines
Blocks the enzyme that normally converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2. Which decreases vasoconstriction.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
ACE Inhibitor
The nurse is discussing the importance of exercise with the client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
1. Perform isometric exercises daily.
2. Walk for 15 minutes three (3) times a week.
3. Do not walk outside if it is less than 40˚F.
4. Wear open-toed shoes when ambulating
The nurse is discharging a client newly diagnosed with asthma. Which statement indicates the client understands the discharge instructions?
1. “I will call 911 if my medications don’t control an attack.”
2. “I should wash my bedding in warm water.”
3. “I can still eat at the Chinese restaurant when I want.”
4. “If I get a headache, I should take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.”
Which statement made by the client diagnosed with chronic bronchitis indicates to the nurse more teaching is required?
1. “I should contact my health-care provider if my sputum changes color or amount.”
2. “I will take my bronchodilator regularly to prevent having bronchospasms.”
3. “This metered-dose inhaler gives a precise amount of medication with each dose.”
4. “I need to return to the HCP to have my blood drawn with my annual physical.”
The client is receiving an IV infusion of heparin. The bag hanging has 10,000 units of heparin in 100 mL of D5W. The HCP has ordered the medication to be delivered at 1,000 units per hour. At what rate would the nurse set the IV pump?
10 mL per hour.
What does SLM stand for?
Steroids
Leukotriene
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Causes smooth muscle relaxation by blocking Ca+ from binding to heart receptors.
Calcium Channel Blocker
The nurse is discussing angina with a client who is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which action should the client take first when experiencing angina?
1. Put a nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue.
2. Stop the activity immediately and rest.
3. Document when and what activity caused angina.
4. Notify the health-care provider immediately
The client diagnosed with asthma has been prescribed a glucocorticoid inhaled medication. Which information should the nurse teach regarding this medication?
1. Do not abruptly stop taking this medication; it must be tapered off.
2. Immediately rinse the mouth following administration of the drug.
3. Hold the medication in the mouth for 15 seconds before swallowing.
4. Take the medication immediately when an attack starts.
Which client problems are appropriate for the nurse to include in the plan of care for the client diagnosed with COPD? Select all that apply.
1. Impaired gas exchange.
2. Inability to tolerate temperature extremes.
3. Activity intolerance.
4. Inability to cope with changes in roles.
5. Alteration in nutrition.
The client diagnosed with high blood pressure is prescribed captopril. Which statements by the client indicate to the nurse the discharge teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
1. “I should get up slowly when I am getting out of my bed.”
2. “I should check and record my blood pressure once a day.”
3. “If I get leg cramps, I should increase my potassium supplements.”
4. “If I forget to take my medication, I will take two doses the next day.”
5. “I can eat anything I want as long as I take my medication every day.”
Short Acting Beta 2 Agonist (SABA) example?
Albuterol
Dilates veins and decreases venous return (preload), which decrease heart oxygen demand.
Nitrates/Nitrites
The nurse is assessing the client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which signs/symptoms would indicate that the medical treatment has been effective?
1. The client’s peripheral pitting edema has gone from 3+ to 4+.
2. The client is able to take the radial pulse accurately.
3. The client is able to perform ADLs without dyspnea
4. The client has minimal jugular vein distention
What are we going to teach patients for asthma?
Teach how to self-administer medications
Infection prevention techniques
Encourage regular exercise
Use hot water on bed linens
Emphasize the need for daily therapy
Teach about Peak Expiratory Flow Meter
Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess in the client recently diagnosed with COPD?
1. Clubbing of the client’s fingers.
2. Infrequent respiratory infections.
3. Chronic sputum production.
4. Nonproductive hacking cough.
The nurse is preparing to administer clopidogrel bisulfate to the client with coronary artery disease (CAD). The client asks the nurse, “Why am I getting this medication?” Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
1. “It will help decrease your chance of developing deep vein thrombosis.”
2. “Plavix will help decrease your LDL cholesterol levels in about 1 month.”
3. “This medication will help prevent your blood from clotting in the arteries.”
4. “The medication will help decrease your blood pressure if you take it daily.”
Long Acting Beta 2 Agonist (LABA) example?
Salmeterol
Blocks the actions of angiotensin 2 and blocks secretion of aldosterone. Vasodilation.
Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers
ARB's
The client diagnosed with congestive heart failure is complaining of leg cramps at night. Which nursing interventions should be implemented?
1. Check the client for peripheral edema and make sure the client takes a diuretic early in the day.
2. Monitor the client’s potassium level and assess the client’s intake of bananas and orange juice.
3. Determine if the client has gained weight and instruct the client to keep the legs elevated.
4. Instruct the client to ambulate frequently and perform calf-muscle stretching exercises daily.
In the intensive care unit (ICU), the critical care nurse assesses a client diagnosed with an asthma attack who has a respiration rate of 10 and an oxygen saturation of 88%. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
1. Call a Rapid Response Team (RRT).
2. Increase the oxygen to 10 LPM.
3. Check the client’s ABG results.
4. Administer the fast-acting inhaler.
What therapies will improve COPD?
Smoking Cessation
Vaccinations
Oxygen
Bronchodilators
Corticosteroids
The client being discharged after sustaining an acute MI is prescribed lisinopril. Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching about this medication?
1. Instruct the client to monitor the blood pressure weekly.
2. Encourage the client to take medication on an empty stomach.
3. Discuss the need to rise slowly from lying to a standing position.
4. Teach the client to take the medication at night only.
Which assessment data indicates the client with reactive airway disease has “good” control with the medication regimen?
1. The client’s peak expiratory fl ow rate (PEFR) is greater than 80% of his or her personal best.
2. The client’s lung sounds are clear bilaterally, both anterior and posterior.
3. The client has only had three acute exacerbations of asthma in the last month.
4. The client’s monthly serum theophylline level is 18 mg/mL.
5. The client is taking the medication as directed by the HCP.