Cardiac Anatomy
What is the name of the heart muscle?
Myocardium
What is the name of the procedure that punctures the femoral artery to feed a stent into the coronary artery?
Cardiac Catheterization
What is another name for myocardial infarction? (No, it's not myo fart blossom)
Heart Attack
An elevated level of what is the most significant in diagnosing damage to the myocardium.
Troponin
What is Cardiac Output?
The amount/volume (L) of blood that is pushed out with each heartbeat. About 5 Liters
What is the name of the chamber that pumps blood to the rest of the body?
Left Ventricle
A person is having a heart catheterization done, what allergy would be contraindicated for this procedure?
Allergy to iodine or shellfish
What is the three factors in the coronary "triad" that almost always are present in a patient that has had a heart attack?
Hypertension, High cholesterol, Diabetes Type II
What is a risk factor that a person has that can be slowed down, but not stopped?
Genetics/Family history
What is the normal Ejection Fraction?
50-70%
What is the sac that encloses the entire heart called?
The Pericardium
What does the acronym IABP stand for?
Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
What type of Angina is associated with heart attacks?
Unstable Angina
Nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, nausea & vomiting, and irritability are common symptoms of what and in who (two-part answer)
Heart attacks in Women
When the left ventricle does not function properly, this can result in ___________ sided heart failure and results in _______________ symptoms.
Left, Pulmonary
What is the inner most layer of the heart muscle called?
Endocardium
What is the echocardiogram procedure looking for when it is ordered by the cardiologist? (3 things)
Ejection Fraction, Heart structure, & Valve Problems
What causes a STEMI?
Complete/or almost occlusion with almost no blood flow of a coronary artery
What is the most common symptom of a myocardial infarction?
Chest pain
The cardiac cycle consists of two phases, and they are called...
Systole & Diastole
Name all four chambers of the heart.
Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Right Ventricle.
What does the acronym CABG stand for?
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
When the sac around the heart is inflamed, what is that called?
Pericarditis
What does the acronym MONA stand for?
Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerine, Aspirin
The student nurse understands that _____________ and _______________ are the two most common causes of heart failure:
Uncontrolled hypertension; coronary artery disease