Urinary System A&P
Functional unit of the kidney
What is a nephron?
An autoimmune disorder often occurring after strep or another viral infection characterized by hematuria, edema, hypertension, and fatigue.
What is glomerulonephritis?
Blood in the urine
What is hematuria?
This gender is more likely to suffer from UTIs due to their shorter urethras and wiping from back to front causing bacterial contamination.
Who are women or females?
A 22-year-old woman reports burning with urination, urinary frequency, and urgency for 2 days. She has no fever or flank pain.
What is a urinary tract infection (cystitis)?
Two bean-shaped organs lateral to the vertebral column that filter the wastes out of the blood
What are the Kidneys?
The last stage of chronic kidney disease requiring Hemodialysis or Kidney Transplantation
What is End-stage renal disease (ESRD)? (Stage 5)
Scant urine or less than 30 mL/hr
What is oliguria?
You must always assess the patient on hemodialysis to ensure you feel a _________ and hear a ____________
What is a thrill and a bruit?
A 40-year-old with a family history of kidney disease has hypertension and enlarged kidneys containing multiple cysts.
What is polycystic kidney disease (PKD)?
Two tubes leading from the kidneys to the bladder
What are ureters?
These urinary system infections are often caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli).
What are urinary tract infections? (UTIs)
Pus in the urine
What is pyuria?
A kidney stone blocks a ureter, causing urine to back up into the kidney and dilate the renal pelvis.
What is hydronephrosis?
A 65-year-old smoker notices painless blood in the urine. There are no signs of infection.
What is bladder cancer?
This is the network of capillaries inside Bowman's capsule which is important in the filtration of blood and waste products in the kidneys.
What is the glomerulus?
Accumulation of minerals and acid salts that lodge in the kidney or ureters and cause obstructions and pain.
What are Kidney stones (calculi) or lithiasis?
Painful urination
What is dysuria?
This lab value measures kidney function and when it is less than 60 mL/min/1.73^2 it indicates kidney damage.
What is Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
A 12-year-old develops cola-colored urine, facial edema, and hypertension two weeks after a streptococcal throat infection.
What is glomerulonephritis?
The hollow muscular organ located in your pelvis right above the pubic bone that can hold at maximum capacity between 1000 - 1800 ml of urine.
What is the bladder?
This urinary disease is categorized according to pre-renal, renal and post-renal causes.
That is acute kidney failure or acute kidney injury?
Absence of Urine
What is anuria?
What is nitrites and leukocyte esterase?
A hospitalized patient develops fever, flank pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, and elevated white blood cell count after an untreated bladder infection
What is (acute) pyelonephritis?