ARF
Burns
ARDS
Sepsis
Shock
100

What is the reference range for:

pH

PaCO2

HCO3

PaO2

SaO2

pH: 7.35-7.45

PaCO2: 35-45 mmHg

HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

PaO2: 80-100 mmHg

SaO2: >95%


100

What layer(s) of the skin does a partial-thickness burn involve?

epidermis, and sometimes part of the dermis
100

Your patient with ARDS is at risk for decreased cardiac output. Which finding is consistent with decreased cardiac output?

a. central venous pressure (CVP) 5mm Hg

b. HR 75 bmp

c. urine output < 30mL/hr

d. BP 115/75

c. urine output < 30mL/hr

100

What puts a patient at greatest risk for sepsis?

An infection

100

If a patient know they have a severe allergy to a specific to peanut butter, what should they carry with them at all times?

epinephrine pen

200

Analyze the following ABG values:

pH- 7.25

PaCO2- 85 mmHg

PaO2- 60 mmHg

HCO3- 24 mEq/L

Respiratory Acidosis

200

What are some of nursing priorities when working with a patient that has suffered burns?

Fluid and electrolyte shifts

Gas Exchange

Infection

Pain

200

You're caring for a patient with ARDS. They have consistent thick secretions. What is your priority goal?

Maintain a patent airway

200

You're taking care of a patient with sepsis. How often should you measure their urine output?

Every 1-2 hours

200

Which stage of septic shock do you expect to see signs and symptoms of organ dysfunction?

Name two organ systems that will be affected and how that presents clinically.

Late stage

Neuro- confusion and/or decreased LOC 

Cardiovascular- decreased BP

Renal- Cr >2.0, or urine output < 20mL/hr

Respiratory- new need for vent

300

Name some clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis.

Restless

Rapid, shallow respirations

Hypoventilation

Tachycardia

Blue tinged hue around lips


300

What do high pitched crowing sounds on inspiration indicate?

Stridor- may indicate airway obstruction

300

When the nurse is suctioning an ET tube, the patient begins to cough. What should the nurse do?

Stop suctioning until the patient stops coughing.

300

You have a patient that has suffered a major trauma related bleed. VS include: 

T 98.7, HR 106, BP 72/48 (56), O2 sat- 93%

What is your priority intervention?

a. obtain a 12-lead ECG

b. draw a H&H

c. initiate 0.9% NaCl bolus

d. prepare patient for intubation


c. initiate 0.9% NaCl bolus

300

A patient in the refractory stage of shock is rapidly declining. What is the expectation of the nurse for a patient that is "Do Not Resuscitate" (DNR)?

Do not perform CPR if the patient's heart stops

400

1. The term used for lack of O2 transferred to the blood is known as ________?

2. The term used for inadequate CO2 removed from lungs is known as ________?

1. Hypoxemia

2. Hypercapnia

400

What is the priority goal of the EMT in the field while transporting the patient to the emergency room?

a. prevent scarring

b. manage pain

c. limit severity of burn and support vital function

d. debride eschar formation

c. limit severity of burn and support vital function

400

What is the FiO2 goal for improvement for a patient on a ventilator? 

FiO2 60% or less is a goal for improvement

400

What are the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria?

T- >101F or < 96.9F

HR >90/ min

RR >20/ min

WBC >12,000 or <4,000


400

What are some compensatory mechanisms you may observe in a patient in the early stages of septic shock?

Name 2

Late stage

Neuro- confusion and/or decreased LOC 

Cardiovascular- decreased BP

Renal- Cr >2.0, or urine output < 20mL/hr

Respiratory- new need for vent

500

Which assessment parameter supports the nursing diagnosis of "Impaired Gas Exchange?"

a. Productive cough of thick mucus

b. paO2 65 on 4L O2 via NC

c. patient using accessory muscles for breathing

d. oxygen 8L/minute via simple mask

b. paO2 65 on 4L O2 via NC

500

Why would IV pain medications be more beneficial than PO pain medication for a patient with partial-thickness burns?

Onset of IV is faster

GI absorption may be affected by burn injury

500

When a patient is on a ventilator, a neuromuscular blockade agent is often used. Do these agents contain analgesia or sedation effects?

Neuromuscular blockade agents do not contain analgesia or sedation. It is important for any patient receiving a neuromuscular blockade to receive these as well.

500

What are the typical orders included in the "sepsis bundle"?

Draw lactate

Draw blood cultures x 2 sets

Administer broad spectrum IV antibiotic

500

What are the stages of shock?

Initial Stage

Compensatory Stage

Progressive Stage

Refractory Stage