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100

Which acid base imbalance will hyperventilation cause?

Respiratory alkalosis 

100

What is a normal WBC count and what is a patient with leukemia at risk for?

WBCs = 4500 to 11,000/mm3 

Leukemia pts have a HIGH WBC count but these WBCs are immature & do not work so they are at an increased risk of INFECTION 

100

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

Endocardium = inner layer 

Myocardium = middle layer 

Epicardium = outer layer 

Pericardium = sac around heart

100


SINUS TACH 

Treat underlying cause 

100

What is the treatment for a patient with polycythemia vera? 

Phelbotomy, fluids, aspirin 

200

What will the vital signs be if the patient is in fluid volume deficit?

Low BP, High HR, high RR

200

What is the normal lab value for platelets?

150,000 to 400,000 

200

What are some causes of endocarditis?

"DRUMS"

Dental work 

Resistance to antibiotics 

Untreated strep throat (rheumatic fever) 

Major heart surgery 

Stabbing self with dirty needles 

200


SVT

Vagal & Give Adenosine (med will stop heart for a second) 

200

If your patient has hemophilia, they are at an increased risk for ________

Bleeding 

300

List normal values for pH, PaCO2, HCO3

pH 7.35-7.45 

PaCO2 35-45

HCO3 22-26

300

What electrolyte imbalance is someone with multiple myeloma at risk for? 

HYPERcalcemia due to bones breaking down 

300

What is the main difference between left & right sided heart failure?

LEFT = fluid in LUNGS 

RIGHT = fluid in BODY

300


A-FIB 

Give beta blocker & blood thinner. If unstable, may need to cardiovert 

300

Interpret the ABG:

pH 7.66 

PaCO2 28 

HCO3 30


Respiratory Alkalosis, partially compensated 

400

Which electrolytes will show a positive chvosteks & trousseaus sign?

HYPOmagnesemia 

HYPOcalcemia

400

What is the inpatient treatment for sickle cell crisis? (List three)

"HOP"

hydration, oxygen, pain control

400

What is the treatment for an MI?

"MONA"

morphine, oxygen, nitro, aspirin 

400


V-FIB

CPR & SHOC, Follow ACLS 

(V-FIB = DEFIB) 

400

What acid-base imbalance will a patient have who is having severe diarrhea? 

Metabolic acidosis (remember "ass"idosis)

500

What acid base imbalance will a patient develop with severe vomiting?

Metabolic alkalosis 

500
Why would a patient with anemia be short of breath?

Less RBC means less hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the body 

500

What should you monitor before giving digoxin?

HR over 60 bmp (listen to apical pulse for 1 min) 

Potassium level 

500


V-TACH 

If pulse- Vagal, give cardiac meds, may cardiovert 

If no pulse- CPR & SHOCK. Follow ACLS

500

What should you teach your patient to avoid taking iron tablets with? (this will decrease absorption) 

Milk (should take with something acidic like orange juice)