Disorders
Mediterranean descent, heredity
Thalassemia
make Rbc’s, ESRD
Epoetin Alpha
rbc without plasma
Packed rbc
Low platelets, unknown etiology
ITP
Cancer of wbc, very high # immature cells
Leukemia
S shaped hemoglobin
Sickle cell anemia, autosomal recessive trait
Examples of Glucocorticoids
Prednisone , dexamethasone
monitor BG, infection, thrush/candida weight gain, mood swings, brittle bones
55% blood volume, straw colored contains antibodies
Plasma
Not disease but sign of underlying disorder
DIC, Micro vascular clotting then hemorrhage , seen in obstetrics, burns and trauma
Best diagnostic test D dimer
Defect in stem cell that differentiates into myeloid cell
fever, weakness and fatigue, older patients, poor prognosis
AML
Nsg priorities with SCD
pain management, oxygen, hydration, balance rest and activities, microvascular occlusion crisis
treat neutropenia, colony stimulating factor
Filgrastim/ Neupogen
Used to stop bleeding help clot
Platelets or thrombocytes
Moon face, buffalo hump, straie
Cushing's, high BG
Blood cancer common in kids but good prognosis , 85% survival in 5 yrs with early detection
ALL
Fatigue and HgB 5-10
Sickle cell disease
Synthetic vasopressin, treat DI
Desmopressin (synthetic ADH)
No fresh flowers or fruit, limit visitros
Neutropenic precautions
Treat DIC
treat underlying cause ( sepsis, placenta abruptly, trauma)
Excessive destruction of RBC’s
Hemolytic anemia’s
Fe dextran IV
Give small dose. Wait 30 min monitor orthostatic hypotension
may give full dose after 60 min if no anaphylaxis
Used to replace clotting factors or replace fluid
FFP ( fresh frozen plasma)
Brittle hair and nails, fatigue, weight gain, high TSH
Hashimoto's
Rare malignancy, high cure rate ,
Dx: reed sternburg cells, initiates in one lymph node
Hodgkin disease
too many rbc, prone to clotting
Polycythemia Vera
therapeutic phlebotomy 1-2 times week, antiplatelet
allopurinol to decrease uric acid
FeSO4 supplement
constipation, dark tarry stools, drink through straw (stain teeth)
time to hang blood from lab to infusion
within 30 minutes
concentrated urine low sp gravity, give sodium
SIADH