I LIKE DIFFERENT POSITIONS
Common position for patients with increased ICP?
Head of the bed at 30 degrees
Which part of the brain controls breathing?
Medulla Oblongata
What type of diuretic is Mannitol?
Osmotic Diuretic
What blood pressure change is observed in patients with increased ICP?
Widening of pulse pressure
What scale measures best eye response, verbal response and movement?
Glasgow Coma Scale
Difference between hemiplegia and hemiparesis?
Hemiplegia is a more severe condition than hemiparesis, as hemiplegia refers to complete paralysis while hemiparesis refers to partial weakness on one side of the body
Unable to speak or open eyes, and has no response to pain.
3
E1, V1, M1
Abnormal flexion posturing; stiff with legs held out straight, fists clenched, and arms bent to hold the hands on the chest.
Decorticate
Which part of the neuron transmits impulses away from the cell body?
Axons
Diuretic that requires a filter needle to draw up?
Mannitol
Name an activity that can increase ICP.
Coughing, sneezing, straining during bowel movements, lifting heavy objects, rapid head movements, suctioning, vomiting, and intense muscle movements like a deadlift
An Xray that identifies the geographical location of structures in the brain
CT Scan
Type of stroke caused by thrombolic or embolic blockage of blood flow to brain (83% of strokes)
Ischemic Stroke
Sontaneously looks around. When you speak to the patient, they can tell you who they are, where they are and why, and the date, and obey simple commands.
15
E4, V5, M6
Abnormal extension posturing; arms and legs being held straight out, the toes being pointed downward, and the head and neck being arched backward
Decerebrate
Normal Intracranial Pressure?
0 to 15 mmHg
Which drug class can you not give to patients with hemorrhagic stroke?
Anticoagulants/Thrombolytics
What invasive procedure is contraindicated in increased ICP?
Lumbar Puncture
Inability to speak or understand language?
Aphasia
Type of stroke caused by bleeding into brain tissues (17% of strokes)
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Opens eyes and extends left elbow when you put pressure on left nail bed. No response on the right. Makes no sounds, and opens eyes in response to nail bed pressure.
5 M2, V1 E2
Decorticate or Decerebrate: Which is worse, and why?
Decerebrate: Damage to the Brainstem
What type of bleed is usually associated with cerebral aneurysms?
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
What class of drugs can BUST a clot in ischemic stroke when it has already formed? Give an example.
BP 200/60, HR 50, RR 8
Cushing's Triad
Abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper, and sometimes faster, breathing followed by a gradual decrease that results in apnea.
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
Term for imbalanced and staggering gait due to stroke
Ataxia/Ataxic Gait
Opens their eyes when they hear you shouting for help. They groan and make sounds, which you cannot recognize as words. They do not respond to pain.
6
E3, V2, M1
When caring for a patient who has just undergone a lumbar puncture, what position should patient use and for how long?
Supine, 6-8 hours
In a basilar skull fracture, what does the Halo Sign suggest?
Halo Sign suggests the presence of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.
What drug can you give in case of administering too much thrombolytics?
Aminocaproic Acid
The pressure–volume relationship between ICP, volume of CSF, blood, and brain tissue, and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is known as?
Monroe-Kellie Hypothesis
Term for having double vision?
Diplopia
A Stroke will cause _________ paralysis and visual field defect
Contralateral/Opposite Side
Flexes their elbow and wrist when you put pressure on the nail bed. They do not open their eyes at all. They make grunting noises but no words.
6
E1, V2, M3