HEART FAILURE
What basic daily routines should a patient do if they have heart failure?
Daily weights, monitor for swelling, monitor for SOB, monitor outputs, and take their medications appropriately.
True or False? A normal potassium level is >5.5
False
Acetaminophen
Tylenol
What is the number one risk factor for COPD?
Smoking
What is the first line of action for a sepsis protocol?
Fluid Resuscitation
What type of medication is used to help strengthen the left ventricular function when a patient is in heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction?
Beta Blockers - Carvedilol, Metoprolol XL, Bisoprolol
What is a normal Sodium level range?
135-145
Dexamethasone
Decadron
True or false, COPD patients need their oxygen above 92%?
False - 88-92% is better for them as increased oxygen can shut down their drive to breathe.
When is fluid resuscitation contraindicated in a patient with sepsis?
History of Heart Failure or Kidney Failure on dialysis
Name a medication that would be used to treat the fluid overload in a heart failure patient.
Furosemide, Bumetanide, Torsemide, Jardiance, Dobutamine (reversible heart failure or cardiogenic shock ICU only)
True or False, a blood pH level of 7.24 represents alkalosis
False - 7.24 would be acidotic
Apixaban
Eliquis
What would a treatment plan look like for a patient with a COPD exacerbation?
Breathing treatments, steroids, X-rays, breathing exercises, small frequent meals
True or false, you take blood cultures immediately and then administer antibiotics.
False - to get accurate blood cultures for proper antibiotic administration, we must postpone starting broad-spectrum antibiotics and get labs drawn first.
Patient has 3+-4+ BLE pitting edema, and has gained 20lbs in 1 month. What side is their heart failure on?
Right (right is body)
Patient is on a Heparin gtt. Last aPTT was 77.4. Is this within range?
Yes, when patients are on heparin gtt's, we want them between about 60-100 seconds to consider the heparin at a therapeutic level.
Hydroxyzine
Atarax/Vistaril
What test can they do to diagnose COPD?
Pulmonary function test
List 2 triggers for sepsis protocol to be initiated
Elevated WBC, lactic, CRP
Fever, hypotension, tachycardia, decreased LOC
Patient experiencing SOB, crackles in their lungs, and fatigue. What side is their heart failure on?
Left (Left is lungs)
ABGs show
pH 7.37
PaCO2 is 55
HCO3- is 30
What would be your ABG interpretation?
- pH low end but in range (fully compensated), CO2 elevated, as is the bicarb to compensate.
Clonazepam
Klonopin
What are two types of COPD?
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis
Name one broad-spectrum antibiotic
Vancomycin, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Amoxicillin, Meropenem, Ceftriaxone