FUNDAMENTALS FOUNDATIONS
Maslow Basics
This level of Maslow’s Hierarchy includes oxygen, food, water, elimination, and temperature regulation.
What are physiological needs?
Standard Precautions
You use this PPE first when caring for a patient with droplet precautions.
What is a mask?
Vital Signs
Normal respiratory rate for an adult.
What is 12–20 breaths/min?
Therapeutic Communication
The best response style for showing understanding of a patient’s feelings.
What is reflection? OR What is active listening?
Clinical Judgment Model
The first step of the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model.
What is recognize cues?
Nursing Process
This step involves identifying patient responses to health conditions and forming a nursing diagnosis.
What is assessment?
Stages of Infection
Stage where the patient begins to feel mild, nonspecific symptoms like malaise.
What is the prodromal stage?
Pain Assessment
This acronym stands for factors used to assess pain: onset, location, duration, characteristics, aggravating factors, relieving factors, treatment.
What is OLD CART?
Self-Concept
The component of self-concept related to how a person feels about themselves.
What is self-esteem?
Mobility & Transfer
This device is used around the patient’s waist to maintain balance during transfers.
What is a gait belt?
QSEN Competencies
The QSEN competency that focuses on using clinical evidence to guide nursing decisions.
What is evidence-based practice?
Falls & Safety
This is the safest technique for assisting a patient who begins to fall during ambulation.
What is ease them to the floor while protecting the head?
Nutrition
A patient on a clear liquid diet may have this beverage.
What is apple juice?
Grief and Loss
According to Kübler-Ross, this stage includes feelings of sadness and withdrawal.
What is depression?
Documentation
“Patient states, ‘My stomach hurts’” is classified as this type of data.
What is subjective data?
Human Dimensions
The dimension that includes coping, self-esteem, decision-making, and emotional regulation.
What is the emotional dimension?
Restraints
Before applying restraints, this essential nursing action must occur.
What is use least restrictive interventions?
Oxygenation
Device that delivers the least invasive O₂ concentration.
What is a Nasal Cannula?
Spirituality
A nurse asking, “What gives your life meaning?” is assessing this component.
What is spiritual well-being?
Delegation
Task appropriate to delegate to a UAP.
What is assisting with bathing?
(Or “What is obtaining routine vital signs?”)
Ethics & Legal Issues
Intentional touching without consent is this type of tort.
What is battery?
HAIs
The most common healthcare-associated infection in hospitalized patients.
What is a catheter-associated UTI?
Fluids & Electrolytes
A patient with dehydration is likely to have this change in vital signs.
What is tachycardia?
Cultural Competence
The ability to understand your own biases and how they affect patient care.
What is cultural awareness?
Bowel & Bladder
Dark, tarry stools indicate this condition.
What is melena? - OR What is visible blood in stool?