Acid-Base
"Plop plop, Fizz Fizz" A pt reports taking Alka Seltzer (sodium bicarbonate) OTC medication 'very frequently for many days' for heart burn. This may place the client at risk for what acid-base imbalance?
What is metabolic alkalosis?
The nurse should assist the patient experiencing acute pain d/t acute pancreatitis in this position to decrease pressure on the diaphragm and to aid in increasing respiratory expansion.
The nurse caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis who is NPO and receiving parenteral nutrition should prioritize assessing this lab value
BUN Creatinine
Blood glucose
WBC's
What is blood glucose? the nurse should assess every 4-6 hours.
The nurse is educating a patient who now needs to take spironolactone twice daily. They should tell the patient to do this at home daily to know if the medication is producing a therapeutic effect.
What is take a daily weight?
A loss of 1kg (or 2.2 lbs) in 24 hours indicates the diuretic is having a therapeutic effect.
A pt has a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min. This effects the arterial pH level how..
no effect
increases arterial pH
decreases arterial pH
provides long-term pH regulation
What is increases arterial pH?
(Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation).
You are caring for a client with emphysema. The nurse understands they are at high risk for developing what acid-base imbalance.
What is respiratory acidosis?
This lab value is something the nurse should assess when caring for a client with cirrhosis and is now not alert as they were at the beginning of their shift.
What is serum ammonia level?
This indicates the pt's hepatic function is decreasing.
When caring for a pt s/p cholecystectomy, the nurse's highest priority to prevent atelectasis is to assist the client to do what.
What is turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hours?
What is watery diarrhea?
These two lab values are what the nurse would expect the provider to order to assess if the pt is experiencing S&S of acute pancreatitis.
This lab value is not part of an ABG result.
pH
CO2
PaO2
HCO3
What is CO2?
an ABG shows: pH, PaCO2 (not CO2), HCO3, PaO2, and O2 saturation.
These two forms of Hepatitis is transmitted via oral-fecal route.
What is Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E?
What is peritonisis?
The nurse is preparing a pt who has acute cholecystitis to go to the OR. The pt has already spoke with the pt regarding risks vs benefits and received written consent. The nurse can then provide f/u education and knows this surgery (approach) is most widely used for a cholecystectomy.
What is laparoscopic?
This color stool is common with a biliary obstruction
What is gray-white (or clay colored)?
These two organs are responsible for acid-base balance regulation and compensation.
What are the kidneys and lungs?
Hepatitis C is transmitted via this.
What is blood borne?
These two nursing assessments are most important in a client diagnosed with ascites. Select two
palpation of abdomen
daily weight
measurement of abdominal girth
auscultation of abdomen
What is daily weight and measurement of abdominal girth?
Match the acid-base imbalance with the symptom that most likely caused the imbalance:
vomiting
diarrhea
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
This diuretic does NOT spare K+
What is furosemide (Lasix)?
A 22-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with a panic attack after experiencing acute shortness of breath and dizziness. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results are as follows:
pH: 7.52
PaCO₂: 28 mmHg
HCO₃⁻: 24 mEq/L
PaO₂: 98 mmHg
you interpret these findings as what acid-base imbalance
What is respiratory alkalosis (uncompensated)?
A pt has an elevated serum ammonia level and is showing signs of changes in mental status. The nurse should suspect what condition?
What is hepatic encephalopathy?
In what acid-base imbalance should the nurse instruct the pt to breathe into a brown paper bag.
What is respiratory alkalosis?
this will increase arterial carbon dioxide.
A pt is in severe metabolic acidosis. The nurse is educating a pt's family that he/she is administering this IV medication to alkalinize the plasma and shift K+ into the cells.
What is IV sodium bicarbonate?
To confirm an acid-base imbalance, the nurse must assess which three findings from an ABG.
What is pH, PaCO2, and HCO3?