Foundations & SDOH
A registered nurse was just hired as a public health nurse. What types of questions might he or she ask when first starting this job?
A) Questions about determinants of disease within the local community.
B) Questions about individual patient disease status.
A) Questions about determinants of disease within the local community.
True or false. Nurses are mandated reporters.
True
____________ is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease, health, and health events.
Epidemiology
Screening is an example of which level of prevention: primary, secondary or tertiary?
Secondary
_________ is a systematic process for identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing the needs of a specific community/population.
A community health needs assessment
True or False. Nearly all social policies have health implications.
True
The goal of _________ is not only to provide care, but to enable patients and families to develop the skills needed to manage their health needs successfully, even when they have chronic illnesses or disabilities.
Home Health Nursing
___________ is the # of new cases of a disease in a specific time period / the # at risk in the population (x 1000 or 100,000).
Incidence
_______________ is the time from acquiring the infection to the first symptoms of illness.
Incubation period
_______ is data that is already collected about a particular audience without having direct contact with that audience.
Secondary data
________ looks at health outcomes of people within a health system or insurance pool…., plus data on care delivery (use, cost) and uses this to improve the health of that specific population.
Population health management
True or False. Suspicion of maltreatment, or "reasonable cause to believe", is enough to warrant filing a report with the appropriate authorities.
True.
___________ is the proportion of individuals in a population with disease.
Prevalence
Name at least two criteria that make a condition suitable for screening.
1.Important health problem (sufficiently serious)
2.Valid screening instrument (high sensitivity & specificity), low risk test
3.Early treatment makes a difference in health
4.Suitable latent and symptomatic stages
5.Effective and available treatment
6.Cost of finding economically balanced with overall health
Name at least one criteria for prioritizing public health issues.
●Comparative prevalence or incidence
●Severity
●Disparities among groups
●Increasing trends
●Existence of evidence-based intervention or prevention
●Gaps in capacity to provide intervention or prevention
●Political will in community
A ____stream approach begins at, and is focused on, change at the individual level.
DOWNstream
Name one eligibility criteria for home care.
Ordered by a physician.
Requires intermittent skilled services.
Patient is homebound.
You survey high school students at the start of senior year to evaluate rates of vaping. You also collect data on age and gender. This description is an example of what type of epidemiology?
Descriptive.
__________ refers to the accuracy of test, the ability of the test distinguishes between diseased and non-disease individuals has disease and who does not.
Validity
Name one reason for doing a community health needs assessment.
●Evidence used for planning, resource allocation and decision making
●Ensure adequate capacity to respond to crises
●Set baseline, benchmarks and evaluate trends
●Demonstrate effect of interventions
●Relationship building (leaders, providers, residents*)
●Legal requirement for tax-exempt healthcare facilities
_______ is a national agenda that communicates a vision (A society in which all people live long health lives), mission and overarching goals, supported by topic areas and specific objectives for improving the populations health.
Health People (2030)
What are the four steps to the home visit process?
1)Starts with a referral to home care
2)Preparation/planning for the visit
3)The home visit
4)Post visit planning/follow up
A community health worker going door-to-door in an Ebola stricken area to count active cases of disease is an example of _____ surveillance.
Active
Circulating antibody has more effect on the immune response to ________ vaccines than on the immune response to ___________.
Live attenuated; inactivated viruses.
When collecting data, _________ is a low cost assessment method to learn the perspectives of a large number of persons in the community you are working with.
A community forum