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Teaching/Learning Theories
Teaching/Learning Strategies
Philosophical Perspectives
Premise of Learning Theories
Teaching/Learning Definitions
100
This teaching learning style is rooted in pragmatism, views problem-solving skills, scientific inquiry, and critical thinking as essential to the curriculum.
What is Progressivism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 83)
100
This teaching/learning strategy utilizes activities governed by precise rules that involves varying degrees of chance or luck. This strategy also promotes active, engaged learning, peer teaching, and teamwork.
What are games? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 270; Wittmann-Price, Godshall, & Wilson, 213, p.50).
100
This philosophical perspective view is that education focuses on developing mental discipline, particularly through memorization, drill, and recitation. Since learning is systematic, sequential building on previous learning is important.
What is behaviorism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 110)
100
This theory's premise is that all behavior is learned and can be shaped and rewarded to attain desired ends
What is behavioral theory? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 206)
100
Derived from the Latin work currere, which means "to run"--which has been translated to mean "course of study". It is a formal and informal content and process by which learners gain knowledge and understanding, develop skills, and alter attitudes, appreciations, and values under the auspices of that school.
What is curriculum? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 79).
200
This teaching/learning theory is grounded in realism, the curriculum is based on knowledge and conservative, inflexible, traditional content, including mathematics, grammar, languages, sciences, and strong moral and spiritual teachings. Its goal is character training and development of reasoning abilities.
What is Perennialism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 82)
200
This teaching/learning strategy uses maps that break down decision making about clinical issues into step-by-step procedures that lead learners to yes or no answers.
What is algorithms? (Wittmann-Price, Godshall, & Wilson, 213, p.48).
200
This philosophical perspective views that since knowledge is key, the goal of education is to transmit and uphold the cultural heritage of the past.
What is essentialism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 110)
200
This theory's premise is that conditions of learning influence acquisition and retention by modifying existing cognitive structures. Assimilation, accommodation, and construction of knowledge are basic processes in learning.
What is cognitive theory? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 206)
200
The study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human populations.
What is epidemiology? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 104)
300
This teaching/learning theory is a conservative philosophy grounded in idealism and realism, with traditional content and teachings. Students are viewed as having "sponge-like" minds that absorb new content provided. The content should be the same across student populations; however, students should be allowed to learning at an individual pace based on ability.
What is Essentialism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 82).
300
This teaching/learning strategy uses a scenario about a patient for analysis and decision making. It is an in-depth analysis of a real-life situation as a way to illustrate class content; applies didactic content and theory to real life, simulated life, or both.
What is case study? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 267).
300
This philosophical perspective view that education challenges convention, values a high tolerance for ambiguity, emphasizes diversity of culture and thought, and encourage innovation and change.
What is postmodernism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 110)
300
This theory's premise is that development is sequential and progresses in an uneven and interrupted manner through several identifiable phases.
What is cognitive development theory?
300
A narrative statement of values or beliefs. It reflects broad principles or fundamental "isms" that guide actions and decision making, and it expresses the assumptions we make about people, situations, or goals. It is a way of contemplating, examining, or thinking about what is taken to be significant, valuable, or worthy of commitment.
What is philosophy? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p.107-108)
400
This teaching/learning theory is also grounded in pragmatism and focuses education on the needs of society rather than the individual. Social and cultural issues are primary areas of the curriculum, which is viewed as constantly changing. A major goal is that teachers and students will become change agents in a world of crises and controversy.
What is Reconstructionism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 83).
400
This teaching/learning strategy uses incongruities in life with words or artwork and is commonly used to stimulate learning and establish a rapport with the learner. This strategy provides a break in tense class sessions. The teacher must be politically correct to avoid insulting any group/culture/belief system.
What is humor teaching/learning strategy (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 270; Wittmann-Price, Godshall, & Wilson, 213, p.51).
400
This philosophical perspective view that the role of learners is to make choices about what is important, and the role of teachers is to facilitate their learning.
What is Progressivism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 110)
400
This theory's premise is that human beings have unique profiles composed of varying degrees of 9 research-based intelligences.
What is multiple-intelligences theory? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 206)
400
A system of directed and deliberate actions that are intended to induce learning through a series of directed activities.
What is teaching? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 202)
500
This teaching/learning theory focuses on individualism and self-fulfillment, teaching about choices one has to make, freedom of choice, the meaning of choice, and the responsibility one has for choice. There is no established curriculum other than the focus on choices and the human condition. Established standards, authority, and group norms are rejected.
What is Existentialism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p.83 ).
500
This teaching/learning strategy uses mental picturing, diagramming, or rehearsal before the actual use of the information in practice. It is best to use this strategy in combination with other strategies.
What is imagery? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 271)
500
This philosophical perspective views that education embraces the social ideal of a democratic life, and the school is viewed as the major vehicle for social change.
What is Reconstructionism? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 110).
500
This theory's premise is that learning is interactive and occurs in a social, historical context. Knowledge, ideas, attitudes, and values are developed as a result of relationships with people.
What is cognitive development: socioculture historical influences? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 206)
500
A change in a person that has been caused by experience.
What is learning? (Billings & Halstead, 2012, p. 203)