A & P
A hormone that is produced by Beta cells in the pancreas that works to lower blood glucose levels
What is insulin?
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
What are signs of DM?
This is administered usually 30 min. before a meal OR given on a sliding scale
What is regular insulin?
This drug class decreases the production of glucose in the liver, decreases the absorption of glucose in the liver, and increases the insulin sensitivity ability of cells.
What are biguanides? (Metformin!)
This is used to push potassium into cells for hyperkalemia.
What is insulin for treatment of hyperkalemia?
Glucose is stored in the ______.
What is the liver?
6.5%
What is the HgbA1C for diagnosis of DM?
The nurse would administer this at bedtime to control glucose levels for the next day.
What is long-acting insulin?
Which lab value should you closely monitor when patient is on a non-insulin medication to treat diabetes mellitus?
Liver enzymes
Glucose given via IV push for hypoglycemia
What is IV Dextrose?
This hormone is released by alpha cells when blood glucose levels are reduced.
What is glucagon?
A blood glucose measurement obtained two hours after eating
What is a post-prandial blood glucose measurement?
Re-assess your patient 30 minutes after administering this.
What is rapid-acting insulin?
Your patient is taking metformin and is scheduled to receive contrast dye. What action should you take?
Withhold the metformin for 48 hours post-procedure.
This should not be used for those with lung disease
What is inhaled insulin?
The activation of this will cause a drop in insulin release and the release of glucose into circulation
What is the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?
The breakdown of fats for energy
What is ketosis?
The route used for insulin administration for a glucose of 550 mg/dL.
What is IV administration of insulin?
A serious adverse effect of metformin is _________, which can be recognized by __________.
Lactic acidosis; muscle cramps
Primary treatment of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy when medication is indicated
What is insulin or metformin?
This hormone does big work! It:
1- increases the release of insulin and decreases the release of glucagon, AND
2- It slows the emptying of the GI track (to allow more nutrient-absorption time) and stimulates the satiety center in the brain.
What is GLP-1 (glucagon-likepolypeptide-1)?
The first-line treatment of DM
What are therapeutic lifestyle changes?
This insulin is given <15 min before meals to prevent an immediate spike right after the meal, and to provide additional coverage when they’re still digesting later.
What is a combination insulin?
This type of medication can make it difficult to recognize hypoglycemia
What are Beta-Blockers?
When patient with T1DM is sick, encourage them to do this: _________
•Monitoring blood glucose at least q2-4 hrs throughout an illness
•Testing urine for ketones if blood glucose is greater than 240 mg/dL
•Continuing to take the usual insulin dose or oral hypoglycemic agent
Sipping 8–12 oz of fluid each hour