The Developing Child and Developmentally Appropriate Care
Asking a child to return to his or her room prior to taking a blood pressure, then escorting the child back to the playroom is an example of this principle.
What is principle of atraumatic care?
*Know the principles of pediatric interventions*
When caring for a child with an immunologic disorder, the nurse must employ a plan of action and know if the plan of action (interventions) is effective. These (name two ) interventions are included in caring for a child with an immunologic disorder.
What are:
Administer analgesics and antipruritics as ordered.
Administer immunologic or corticosteroids as ordered.
Apply cool compresses or luke warm water to areas of pruritus.
Provide fluids frequently.
Dress the child in light clothing.
Use diversional activities and distraction.
Monitor skin for color changes, temperature, redness, swelling, warmth, pain or signs of infection, changes in rash lesions, distribution, or size.
Identify allergic/anaphylactic reactions and intervene appropriately
Encourage fluid intake and proper nutrition.
Keep child’s fingernails short.
Encourage child to press on rather than scratch the area of pruritus.
Use topical ointments or creams as ordered.
Educate on prevention of infection.
Encourage appropriate vaccinations
Self-esteem monitoring and providing emotional support to the family is essential as part of the nursing management of these body systems disorders, which can affect growth, particularly weight and height.
What are endocrine disorders?
*Nursing care should include assessment and measurment of normal growth patterns, height, weight, head circumference, abnormal physical characteristics for age, body fluid, proper administration of medications to correct disturbances in hormone levels and educate families on medical treatment and target goals for growth and development*
The term used to describe end of life care.
What is hospice care?
These refer to the continuous adjustment in size of the child internally and externally and the ongoing process of with a series of "spurts" and rest.
What are principles of growth and development?
*Review the principles, growth and development theories, and age-related growth and development*
Clustering care to prevent exertion or energy expenditure is an important aspect of care for pediatric patients with these two body systems disorders.
What is care of the child with a respiratory or cardiovascular disorder?
These are interventions for these body systems that are known to affect one's outer appearance. Name 2.
What are:
Distraction
Behavior modification (rubbing instead of scratching)
Therapeutic communication to assess for body image disturbances
Establishing a therapeutic relationship is the foundation, in addition to early discharge planning, establishment of early intervention services and complementary therapies. The nurse recognizes the importance of these nursing interventions in the care of this category of children.
What is the care of the child with special needs?
Administration of these stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against specific diseases to decrease or eliminate certain infectious disease in society and prevent infectious diseases and their complications.
What are vaccines?
*Remember of the principles of vaccination and Remember what vaccines are given at what age*
These interventions should be included in the teaching plan of a child with an acute gastrointestinal disorder. Name 3
What are:
Inform day care or school of infections
Utilize oral rehydration therapy
Avoid fruit juices, sodas, caffeine
Teach prevention through immunization
Provide skin care to prevent skin breakdown
Perform proper hand hygiene
Prevention with proper vaccination *i.e rotavirus vaccine
Monitor the child’s behavior, assist in using stress management techniques, and implement appropriate memory retraining techniques, such as keeping a calendar, writing list, memory cue games, and mnemonic devices to encourage the expression of feelings of frustration or helplessness. These are all useful in evaluating the outcomes of this condition.
What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
After environmental modifications are made, a child will remain free from harm. This is a positive evaluation of outcomes for which 3 categories of disabilities?
What are intellectual, physical, or behavioral disabilities?
These frameworks are utilized when prioritizing care of children in diverse settings
What are :
1. Urgent vs non-urgent
2. Acute vs chronic
3. Stable vs unstable
4. Safety vs risk reduction
*Remember that a patient with an acute need is given priority as they may pose a threat*.
*An unstable patient is priority because they have needs that pose a threat to the client’s survival. *
*Safety/risk reduction assigns priority to the situation with the greatest safety risk and the greatest risk to physical or psychological well-being
Interventions for the management of this body system includes promotion of balanced nutrition for healthy growth and development, monitoring height and weight.
What is the management of gastrointestinal conditions?
Psychosocial concerns for these body system disorders primarily focuses on the prevention of regression and worsening disease. Regression related to these body system disorders occurs due to due to frequent hospitalizations and worsening disease. The nurse would then focus on promoting development with age-appropriate toys that promote oxygenation and growth, lung expansion, and physical activity with rest periods.
What is the psychosocial nursing care of the child with a respiratory disorder?
This type of care involves the promotion of good communication with the health-care team, management of pain and discomfort, creating a peaceful and comfortable environment, assisting the child to die with dignity, ceasing unnecessary treatments, and allowing the family to express their end-of-life care wishes
What is caring for the a child during the dying process?
The nurse should provide age-appropriate anticipatory guidance in which areas of health promotion?
What are the principles of health promotion and anticipatory guidance in areas of play, nutrition, sleep, and safety?
These are nursing goals for the management of genitourinary conditions. Name 3.
What are:
promoting growth and development
removing waste products
maintaining fluid balance
monitor for electrolyte imbalance
encouraging psychosocial well-being
supporting and educating the family
Isolation from peers limits exposure to play and social activities, such as school, and it prevents the development of interpersonal and verbal communication.This lack of social interaction can be detrimental to a child's growth and development and is a vital focus point for children with these body system disorders.
What are children with infectious or immunlogic disorders?
*Nursing care focuses on treatment of infectious diseases, working with the child life specialist if the child is put on isolation, to provide age appropriate toys, education on prevention strategies and appropriate immunizations to reduce the rate of infection*
Interventions for this include caring for the family as a unit, managing pain and discomfort, providing nutrition, providing emotional support to child and family and assisting the family through the grief process?
What are the nursing care interventions included in the nursing management of a dying child?
For this subset of children, nursing care includes developing a therapeutic relationship, promoting growth and development, providing care coordination, screening and provision of nutritional needs, providing education and support for the child and family and assisting in the transition to adulthood.
What is the nursing care of a child with special or chronic needs?
Disturbed sensory perception, self-care deficit, risk for aspiration, risk for injury are all appropriate nursing diagnoses for a child with what body systems disorders?
What is a neurologic or sensory disorder?
*The nurse should tailor the nursing diagnoses to the patient’s condition and develop interventions for implementation and evaluation accordingly*
Encourage coping behaviors
Observe for behavioral abnormalities
Use age-specific therapies
Encourage early intervention services
The goal for this includes assisting family in shaping the course of the illness while maintaining quality of life for the child and family.
What is the goal of nursing care of a child with a chronic condition.