FLUIDS
Name the universal blood donor type.
O-
An assessment that can indicate the presence of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.
What is a Chvostek sign?
Why is oxygen safety important when oxygen is used in the home?
Although oxygen is generally a safe gas, it can be highly combustible in the presence of certain materials. Therefore, safety in the home is imperative.
Examples of opioid medications
Morphine, hydromorphine, fentanyl
Hunger, sweating and shakiness would be signs that your patient is experiencing
hypoglycemia
A solution that has more solutes than are present within the cell and results in fluid movement out of the cell
Hypertonic
What indicates a sodium level above 145 mEq/L?
Hypernatremia
What is a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device is a machine with a hose and either a mask or nosepiece. It delivers a constant and steady flow of air, creating a positive pressure to keep the upper airway open. CPAP keeps the alveoli open and improves the amount of oxygen in the tissues.
Constant or recurring; lasts longer than 6 months.
Chronic pain
A nurse administers 10 units of regular insulin at 0700 to a patient. At what time should the nurse be most concerned about hypoglycemia?
0900-1000
regular insulin peaks at 2-3 hours so the sugar will go the lowest at that time
A solution that has fewer solutes than cell components and results in fluid moving into the cell
Hypotonic
What is the purpose of potassium
Potassium assists with nerve and muscle cell function; essential for muscle cells in the heart
The flow of air inside or outside of the alveoli. Oxygen is transported into the alveoli and carbon dioxide is taken out.
Ventilation
Pain that is felt in a tissue, an organ, or a damaged part of the body, or as referred pain
Nociceptive pain
When administering insulin, the nurse needs to do this before dialing the correct dose on an insulin pen
prime the needle with 2 units of insulin
A solution that has the same number of solutes than cell components and results in no fluid movement into or our of the cell
Isotonic
Electrolyte that supports the function of nerves and muscles, maintains normal blood pressure, and regulates fluid balance in the body
Sodium
The flow of blood driven by the cariopulmonary system into the alveolar capillaries
Perfusion
Principle for heat and cold therapy (minutes on and off)
20 minutes on and 20 minutes off after when heat or cold therapy is applied
Symptom of severe hypoglycemia include
slurred speech, confusion, and unresponsiveness
What are some reasons why older adults are at a higher risk for dehydration?
Lowered thirst response, total body fluid decline, decreased kidney function, medications, chronic illnesses
Test that can indicate low calcium or magnesium levels and spasms in the wrist and hand (carpopedal spasms) when a blood pressure cuff is inflated above the systolic blood pressure.
Trousseau sign
How often should the nurse encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer?
The nurse should teach the client to do 10 repetitions per hour and hold the breath for 3—5 seconds during each repetition.
Nerve pain that arises from the somatosensory system, described as intense, burning, and shooting.
Neuropathic pain
The normal range for a fasting blood glucose is
70-110
A complication of IV therapy in which too much fluid is administered too quickly.
Circulatory overload
Electrolyte that helps with regulation of nerve and muscle function, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels, and making DNA, protein, and bone.
Magnesium
Consists of percussion of the chest, vibration, and postural drainage.
Chest physiotherapy
small amounts of a pain medication at a basal or continuous rate, as prescribed by the provider, or a small bolus of medication when the client pushes a button.
PCA (patient controlled analgesia)
If a patient presents with persistent hunger, thirst, and is constantly running to the bathroom to void, the nurse should suspect this
hyperglycemia, diabetes
Device inserted peripherally through a vein in the arm with the tip centrally located to administer fluids, blood, medications, and other therapies.
PICC
The kidneys are responsible for the primary excretion of _________ (90%)
Potassium
CNS manifestations may appear as twitching of the hand muscles; prolonged exposure can lead to nausea, generalized convulsions, dysphoria, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
Oxygen toxcity
The four ethical principles related to pain management
Beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, justice
glucagon, 15 g of fast acting carbs (candy, juice), 15 minutes