Patient Care
When checking for dehydration what hands on test can you preform?
Check the skin to see if it rebounds when pinched and released.
What are cells?
Cells are the smallest unit of life
True or False:
Chronic disease is diseases that come on quickly, typically last only for a brief period, and can be resolved with treatment
False
If a parent asks if feeding their child fruit snacks everyday is a healthy alternative to candy what would the proper response be?
Try and substitute fruit in for fruit snacks because many companies hide large amounts of sugar behind a "healthy" label.
True or False:
Acute disease is diseases that come on quickly, typically last only for a brief period, and can be resolved with treatment
True
Patients who are iron deficient should eat more of what foods?
Lean beef, pork, fish, nuts, eggs, raisins, and whole grain breads
What part of the brain signals hunger?
Hypothalamus
Give an Example of Micronutrients and define.
Vitamins: organic compounds that regulate bodily functions, do not provide energy, essential to metabolism
Child comes in and you suspect dehydration. What symptoms are you looking for?
Dry mouth, No tears when crying, No wet diapers for 3 or more hours, High fever, Sunken abdomen, eyes, or cheeks
What does Insulin do?
Insulin is released when blood sugar levels are high
Patient comes in with: Abdominal cramps and bloating, Either diarrhea or constipation. What do these symptoms indicate?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
What enzyme begins breaking down food in the mouth?
Salivary Amylase
Give an example of macronutrients and define.
Minerals: inorganic, elements of matter
Neural Tube Defects are caused by a lack of?
Folate deficiency
What are a few dietary interventions to help with diabetes.
Don't skip meals, Eat at the same time every day, Eat about the same amount at each meal, Increase fiber intake, and Learn to read nutrition facts labels (total carbohydrate and net carbs)
Patient comes in and you suspect Diabetes. Check for the three P's. What are they?
Polyuria: excessive urine production, Polydipsia: excessive thirst, and Polyphagia: excessive eating
Name the four elements to gastric juice/
1. Hydrochloric Acid
2. Intrinsic Factor
3. Pepsin
4. Gastric Lipase
Define Nutrition.
The science of food and how food nourishes our body and influences our health.
How much calcium do infants and children absorb?
More than 60%
What is the most abundant major mineral in the body?
Calcium
How do you check a patient for scurvy?
Check for bleeding gums, loose teeth, wounds that fail to heal, swollen ankles and writs, bone pain and fractures, diarrhea, weakness, and depression
Name the organs of the GI Tract.
Mouth, Stomach, Small intestine, and Large Intestine
List the six groups of essential nutrients.
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water
A child comes in with hot and dry skin, impaired sweating, rapid pulse, and Na and K depletion. What does the patient most likely have?
Heat Stroke
What are the three types of cells in bone? and define them.
1. Osteoclasts: breakdown bone for reabsorption; cells that erode the surface of bones
2. Osteoblasts: form new bone and produce the collagen-containing component of bone
3. Osteocytes: matured osteoblasts that have become part of bone matrix