Fundamentals of Nursing
What are the 6 rights of medication administration?
Right patient, drug, dose, route, time, documentation
Which type of isolation is used for C. diff?
Contact precautions
What is a normal adult BP?
120/80 mmHg
Name one sign of fluid overload.
Crackles, edema, weight gain, JVD
Which patient should the nurse see first: chest pain or fever 101°F?
Chest pain
What is the first step in the nursing process?
Assessment
What PPE do you need for an airborne infection?
N95, gown, gloves
What is the normal range for respirations in adults?
12–20 breaths/min
What electrolyte imbalance causes muscle cramps and dysrhythmias?
Hypokalemia
What can be delegated to a UAP?
Vital signs, hygiene, ambulation (no assessment)
When do you use sterile gloves vs. clean gloves?
Sterile: invasive/sterile field; Clean: routine care
What is the proper sequence for donning PPE?
Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Where do you assess the apical pulse?
Left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal space
What should you monitor before giving digoxin?
Apical pulse for one full minute
Which action is appropriate before delegating?
Assess the patient and the UAP’s competency
What is the priority if a patient is found on the floor?
Assess for injury before moving the patient
What do you do if you experience a needlestick?
Wash area, report, complete incident report, seek follow-up
What is the priority action for a temp of 103°F?
Assess for infection, start cooling measures, notify provider
What is the hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure?
Pulmonary congestion/crackles
Which task should not be delegated to LVN/LPN?
Initial assessment or teaching
Define “SBAR” and what it’s used for.
Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation – communication tool
Name two examples of standard precautions.
Hand hygiene, gloves for body fluids, cleaning equipment, etc.
What does a pulse oximetry reading measure?
Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO₂)
Which lab value monitors kidney function?
BUN & creatinine
Define “ABC” prioritization.
Airway, Breathing, Circulation – determine priority order