FUNDAMENTALS
What stage is a pressure injury with full-thickness skin and tissue loss that may expose bone, tendon, cartilage, or muscle?
Stage IV
Which medication causes a persistent dry cough?
Amlodipine
Atorvastatin
Minoxidil
Catopril
Catopril - ACE INHIBITOR
What can an elevated BNP level indicate?
Heart failure
Liver disease
Kidney infection
High blood sugar
Heart failure
Which newborn complication is most common in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes?
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypernatremia
Hypoglycemia
Which pain scale is commonly used to assess pain in pediatric patients who are non verbal or unable to self report?
Numeric rating scale
Wong baker FACES
FLACC scale
Visual analog scale
FLACC scale
When applying restraints, what is the priority action?
Notify Family
Offer Fluids
Check VS
Explain reason to patient
Explain reason to patient
Which drug lowers BP by blocking angiotensin ll receptors?
Lisinopril
Losartan
Metoprolol
Amlodipine
Losartan
Which assessment finding indicates early sepsis in a hospitalized client?
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Fever and tachycardia
Decreased respiratory rate
Fever and tachycardia
A pregnant client at 10 weeks gestation reports vaginal spotting without pain. Which finding is MOST concerning?
Mild uterine cramping
Closed cervical os
Passage of tissue
Brown colored discharge
Passage of tissue
A nurse is assessing a 2 yr old with dehydration. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
Sunken fontanels
Cap refill of 5 seconds
Heart rate of 110 bpm
Cry mucous membranes
Cap refill of 5 seconds. Dehydration can lead to poor peripheral circulation and possible hypovolemic shock.
In which abdominal quadrant is the spleen found?
RUQ
RLQ
LUQ
LLQ
LUQ
Which medication is considered first line therapy for relief in Parkinson's disease?
Amantadine
Levodopa/Carbidopa
Bromocriptine
Benztropine
Levodopa/Carbidopa
Pernicious anemia causes a deficiency in what?
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Vitamin B12
Iron
Vitamin B12
Which finding is MOST concerning with a patient experiencing an ectopic pregnancy?
Unilateral pelvic pain
Amenorrhea
Shoulder pain
Spotting
Shoulder pain
A nurse is caring for an infant with bronchiolitis. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
Respiratory rate of 48/min
Nasal flaring and retractions
Poor feeding
Wheezing on auscultation
Nasal flaring and retractions
What is the recommended patient position for nasogastric tube placement?
High-fowlers 90 deg.
Semi-fowlers 30-45 deg.
Supine with head tilted back
Prone with head tilted to side
High fowlers position upright at 90 deg.
A patient with TB starts treatment. Which medication should be part of the therapy?
Acyclovir
Rifampin
Fluconazole
Amoxicillin
Rifampin
Gout occurs due to the accumulation of:
Creatinine
Lactic acid
Uric acid
Tyramine
Uric acid
A newborn born at 30 weeks is at greatest risk for which complication?
Hyperbilirubinemia
Hypoglycemia
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Meconium aspiration
Intraventricular hemorrhage
A nurse is assessing an infant during feeding. Which finding suggests heart failure?
Infant pauses briefly while feeding
Infant becomes diaphoretic and tachypneic during feeding
Infant burps after feeding
Infant sleeps after feeding
Infant becomes diaphoretic and tachypneic during feeding.
Which level of care provides rehabilitation after a hip fracture?
Primary care
Secondary care
Tertiary care
Restorative care
Restorative care
Calcium gluconate IV
Sodium bicarbonate
Spironolactone
Lisinopril
Calcium gluconate
Which client is most at risk for developing life threatening complications of hypokalemia?
A client on digoxin with K 3.2
A client with diarrhea for 2 days
A post-op client NPO with K 3.3
A client with NG suction and K 3.4
A.) A client on digoxin with K 3.2 (can lead to dysrhythmias quickly)
A client has a sudden gush of blood after delivery and the uterus is inverted. What is the priority action?
Administer oxytocin
Apply fundal massage
Call for immediate assistance
Insert foley catheter
Call for immediate assistance
Which system should the nurse assess carefully because pulmonary congestion occurs with heart failure?
Respiratory system
Musculoskeletal system
Endocrine system
Integumentary system
Respiratory system