Cancer Biology
This process describes the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites.
What is metastasis?
This common side effect of chemotherapy can lead to increased risk of infection.
What is neutropenia?
This type of radiation therapy involves placing radioactive sources directly into or near the tumor.
What is brachytherapy?
This oncologic emergency is caused by compression of the superior vena cava, leading to facial swelling, dyspnea, and cough.
What is superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS)?
This is the first step of the nursing process.
Assessment
These genes, when mutated, can promote uncontrolled cell growth and division.
What are oncogenes?
This class of chemotherapy drugs inhibits cell division by interfering with microtubules.
What are taxanes?
This common side effect of radiation therapy can cause skin redness, irritation, and peeling.
What is radiation dermatitis?
This electrolyte imbalance, often seen in tumor lysis syndrome, can cause cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness.
What is hyperkalemia?
This vital sign is often considered the "fifth vital sign."
Pain
This type of cell death is a programmed process that can be evaded by cancer cells.
What is apoptosis?
This type of immunotherapy involves engineering T cells to express a receptor that recognizes a specific antigen on cancer cells.
What is CAR T-cell therapy?
This imaging technique is used to plan radiation therapy and ensure accurate targeting of the tumor.
What is CT simulation?
This oncologic emergency is characterized by spinal cord compression, leading to back pain, weakness, and bowel or bladder dysfunction.
What is malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC)?
This is the term for maintaining a sterile field.
Asepsis
This process, crucial for tumor growth, involves the formation of new blood vessels.
What is angiogenesis?
This term describes chemotherapy given before surgery or radiation to shrink the tumor.
What is neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
This type of radiation therapy delivers high doses of radiation to the tumor while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
What is stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)?
This condition, often associated with small cell lung cancer, involves the ectopic production of ADH, leading to hyponatremia.
What is syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)?
A patient who is unable to get out of bed requires meticulous attention to this, to prevent skin breakdown.
Skin Integrity
This theory explains how cancer cells can survive and thrive in different microenvironments.
What is the seed and soil theory?
This life-threatening complication of chemotherapy involves the rapid breakdown of cancer cells, releasing intracellular contents into the bloodstream.
What is tumor lysis syndrome?
This late effect of radiation therapy can cause scarring and hardening of tissues.
What is fibrosis?
This life-threatening complication of cancer is characterized by widespread activation of the coagulation system, leading to thrombosis and hemorrhage.
What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
This is the proper angle for administering a subcutaneous injection.
45 degrees